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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La maladie coronaire représente la première cause de décès chez le diabétique. L’objectif de notre travail était de comparer les complications des syndromes coronariens aigus chez les diabétiques et les non diabétiques. Patients et méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude de cohorte prospective portant sur les patients hospitalisés au service de cardiologie du CHU-YO pour SCA du 1er janvier 2017 au 31 décembre 2017 avec un suivi clinique et paraclinique de 06 mois de tous les patients soit une durée d’étude totale de 18 mois. Résultats. Cinquante patients porteurs de SCA ont été étudiés dont 23 diabétiques (71,4% de femmes ; âge moyen 59,8 ans, écart-type 9,5 ) et 27 non diabétiques (28.6% de femmes, âge moyen 53,1 ans, écart-type 9,5 16, 8). La symptomatologie douloureuse atypique était significativement plus fréquente chez les diabétiques (35 %) par rapport aux non diabétiques (14 %) (P=0,09) et le délai avant admission était également plus long chez les diabétiques. Les diabétiques présentaient plus de facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires notamment l’HTA, la dyslipidémie et le surpoids. Parmi les patients admis pour SCA ST+, 58,7% étaient non diabétiques contre 41,3% chez les diabétiques (P= 0,6). En ce qui concerne le SCA ST-, il y avait autant de diabétiques que de non diabétiques (50% versus 50%) (P=0,64).). A l’admission, 8% des patients étaient en choc cardiogénique parmi lesquels 75% étaient des non diabétiques et 25% des diabétiques. Au sixième mois du suivi, le taux de létalité était de 26.1% (6/23) chez les diabétiques et de 14.8% (4/27) chez les non diabétiques (p=0.3). Conclusion. Les complications des SCA sont plus fréquentes chez les diabétiques. Pour réduire la morbi-mortalité chez ces derniers, une prise en charge adéquate et un bon contrôle glycémique sont nécessaires.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in diabetics. The aim of our work was to compare the complications of acute coronary syndromes in diabetics and non-diabetics. Patients and methods. This was a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of CHU-YO for ACS from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 with 06 months of clinical and paraclinical follow-up of all patients, for a total study duration of 18 months. Results. Fifty patients with ACS were studied, including 23 diabetics (71.4% women; mean age 59.8 years, SD 9.5 ) and 27 non-diabetics (28.6% women, mean age 53.1 years, SD 9.5 16, 8). Atypical pain symptomatology was significantly more frequent in diabetics (35%) than in non-diabetics (14%) (P=0.09), and time to admission was also longer in diabetics. Diabetics had more cardiovascular risk factors, notably hypertension, dyslipidemia and overweight. Among patients admitted for ST+ ACS, 58.7% were non-diabetic versus 41.3% among diabetics (P= 0.6). In the case of ST- ACS, there were as many diabetics as non-diabetics (50% versus 50%) (P=0.64). On admission, 8% of patients were in cardiogenic shock, of whom 75% were non-diabetics and 25% diabetics. At six months' follow-up, the case fatality rate was 26.1% (6/23) in diabetics and 14.8% (4/27) in non-diabetics (p=0.3). Conclusion. Complications of ACS are more frequent in diabetics. To reduce morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients, adequate management and good glycemic control are essential.

Keywords

Diabetes Acute Coronary Syndrome Complications Mortality Cardiovascular Risk Factors Diabète Syndrome coronarien aigu Complications Mortalité Facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire

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M’baye Salissou SM, Tsague Kengni HN, Amadou D, Maliki Abdoulaye M, Mianroh HL, Lawan H, Samaila A, Ngo Yon LC, Guindo A, Toga A, Oumarou Garba S, Ndobo V, Salifou Lankoande Z, Yameogo NV, & Zabsonre P. (2024). Acute Coronary Syndromes in Diabetics at the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (Ouagadougou): A Comparative Study: Les Syndromes Coronariens Aigus Chez les Diabétiques au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (Ouagadougou) : Une Étude Comparative. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(10). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i10.6069
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