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Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La pédiculose reste endémique en Afrique sub-Saharienne.  Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence et les facteurs associés à la pédiculose en milieu scolaire. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale menée en Avril 2015 dans l’aire de santé de Magba. Nous avons inclus les élèves de 3 écoles primaires sélectionnées au hasard et dont les parents/tuteurs avaient donné leur consentement. Le diagnostic positif de la pédiculose a été essentiellement clinique. L’échantillonnage était consécutif et exhaustif. Résultats. Au total, 400 élèves à prédominance féminine (65%) ont été enrôlés. La prévalence globale de la pédiculose était de 20,8%. La tranche d’âge la plus touchée était celle de 5 à 8 ans. Les filles étaient les plus touchées (27% ; p<0,001). Nous avons noté 78,3% de cas d’antécédents d’infestation, 56,9% d’entre eux avaient été traités par de l’ivermectine. Le prurit. était le principal symptôme (83,1%%). L’analyse multifactorielle a permis de relever que les antécédents d’infestation, le nombre de personnes par ménage, la longueur des cheveux constituaient les facteurs associés indépendants significatifs. Conclusion. La pédiculose est fréquente en milieu scolaire camerounais, notamment dans l’aire de santé de Magba, avec une forte prévalence (20,8%) et touche les enfants des deux sexes, avec une nette prédominance féminine.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Pediculosis remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa.  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with pediculosis in schools. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in April 2015 in the Magba health area. We included students from 3 randomly selected primary schools whose parents/guardians had given their consent. The positive diagnosis of pediculosis was essentially clinical. The sampling was consecutive and exhaustive. Results. A total of 400 predominantly female students (65%) were enrolled. The overall prevalence of pediculosis was 20.8%. The most affected age group was between 5 and 8 years old. Girls were the most affected (27%; p<0.001). We noted 78.3% of cases with a history of infestation, 56.9% of which had been treated with ivermectin. Pruritus was the main symptom (83.1%). Multifactorial analysis revealed that history of infestation, number of people per household, and hair length were the significant independent associated factors. Conclusion. Pediculosis is frequent in Cameroonian schools, particularly in the health area of Magba, with a high prevalence (20.8%) and affects children of both sexes, with a clear predominance of females.

Article Details

Author Biography

Emmanuel Armand Kouotou, FMBS

Medical Imaging
How to Cite
Kouotou, E. A., Dambie Kouabou, E. S., & Moyou Somo, R. (2021). Pédiculose en Milieu Scolaire Camerounais: Prévalence et Facteurs Associés. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i2.2524

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