Main Article Content
Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L’hypertension artérielle constitue un enjeu majeur de santé publique en Afrique subsaharienne, y compris en République Centrafricaine, où les professionnels de santé sont exposés à des facteurs de risque spécifiques. Cette étude vise à estimer la prévalence de l’hypertension artérielle chez les professionnels de santé à Bangui. Méthodologie. Une étude transversale descriptive a été menée d’avril à septembre 2023 dans six formations sanitaires de Bangui. Etaient inclus 220 professionnels de santé de 30 ans et plus. Les données ont été collectées à l’aide d’un questionnaire individuel adapté du modèle OMS STEP wise pour la surveillance des maladies non transmissibles et analysées avec Epi-Info 7.2.5.0. Résultats. La prévalence globale de l’hypertension artérielle était de 45,91%, dont 24,09% de cas connus et traités, et 21,81% de cas non diagnostiqués. L’obésité abdominale concernait 71,36% des participants, et 27,73% avaient un IMC ≥ 30 Kg/m². Près de 48% déclaraient des antécédents familiaux d’hypertension artérielle. Les auxiliaires de santé et les sages-femmes/infirmiers étaient les plus touchés. Conclusion. L’hypertension artérielle est fréquente chez les professionnels de santé à Bangui, avec une part importante de cas non diagnostiqués. Une étude des facteurs de risque pourrait permettre d’identifier les facteurs et orienter une stratégie de lutte chez les professionnels de santé.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Hypertension is a major public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, including the Central African Republic, where healthcare professionals are exposed to specific risk factors. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among healthcare professionals in Bangui. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2023 in six health facilities in Bangui. Two hundred and twenty healthcare professionals aged 30 and over were included. Data was collected using an individual questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPWISE model for the surveillance of non-communicable diseases and analyzed with Epi-Info 7.2.5.0. Results. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 45.91%, of which 24.09% were known and treated cases, and 21.81% were undiagnosed cases. Abdominal obesity affected 71.36% of participants, and 27.73% had a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². Nearly 48% reported a family history of hypertension. Healthcare assistants and midwives/nurses were the most affected. Conclusion. Hypertension is common among healthcare professionals in Bangui, with a significant proportion of cases going undiagnosed. A study of risk factors could help identify contributing factors and guide a control strategy for healthcare professionals.
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Article Details

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References
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References
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2. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018 Internet. cité 11 oct 2025. Disponible sur: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241514620
3. Vichitkunakorn P, Bunyanukul W, Apiwan K, Tanasanchonnakul D, Sittisombut M. Prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors and their association with economic status: findings from the 2021 health behaviour of population survey in Thailand. Glob Health Action. 31 déc 2025;18(1):2485689.
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20. Diedhiou BBa. Evaluation de l’hypertension artérielle en milieu professionnel: exemple d’une agence internationale basée à Dakar (Sénégal). Rev Afr Sci Soc Santé Publique. 8 nov 2024;6(2):94‑105.
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26. Chelo HN, Barhwamire TK, Mishika PL, Kamundu AK, Bahati GG, Dz’bo HC, et al. Prévalence et facteurs de risque de l’hypertension artérielle chez l’adulte dans la ville de Goma en République démocratique du Congo : une étude transversale communautaire. J Med Public Health Policy Res Internet. 9 mars 2023 cité 12 oct 2025;3(1). Disponible sur: https://pugoma.com/index.php/JMPHPR/article/view/231
27. Kabamba L, Cowgill K, Monga B, Kabyla B, Wembonyama O, Luboya N. Prévalence de l’hypertension artérielle dans la population des meuniers de la ville de Lubumbashi, République Démocratique du Congo. Pan Afr Med J. 16 oct 2015;22.
28. Ngam-Asra N, Zène AS, Otchom BB, Ndifor F, Mberdoum NM, Tidjani A. Détermination des facteurs de risque des maladies non transmissibles chez les patients à l’Hôpital Roi Fayçal de N’Djamena en 2020. 2022;
29. Aubry PP. Généralités sur la Médecine Tropicale.
30. Epel E, Lapidus R, McEwen B, Brownell K. Stress may add bite to appetite in women: a laboratory study of stress-induced cortisol and eating behavior. Psychoneuroendocrinology. janv 2001;26(1):37‑49.
31. Adam TC, Epel ES. Stress, eating and the reward system. Physiol Behav. 24 juill 2007;91(4):449‑58.
32. Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep Wash DC 1974. 1985;100(2):126‑31.
33. Pontzer H, Yamada Y, Sagayama H, Ainslie PN, Andersen LF, Anderson LJ, et al. Daily energy expenditure through the human life course. Science. 13 août 2021;373(6556):808‑12.
34. St-Onge MP, Gallagher D. Body composition changes with aging: The cause or the result of alterations in metabolic rate and macronutrient oxidation? Nutr Burbank Los Angel Cty Calif. févr 2010;26(2):152‑5.
35. Kyle UG, Genton L, Hans D, Karsegard L, Slosman DO, Pichard C. Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years. Eur J Clin Nutr. août 2001;55(8):663‑72.
36. N’goran YNK, Traore F, Tano M, Kramoh KE, Kakou JBA, Konin C, et al. Aspects épidémiologiques des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) aux urgences de l’institut de cardiologie d’Abidjan (ICA). Pan Afr Med J. 25 juin 2015;21:160.
37. Kévin AJ, Salifou K, Lauret K, Famoussa K, Stéphane YG, Landry GKK, et al. Maladies non transmissibles et comorbidités chez les séniors dans le service de medécine interne du CHU de Bouaké.
38. Gilbert-Ouimet M, Trudel X, Brisson C, Milot A, Vézina M. Adverse effects of psychosocial work factors on blood pressure: systematic review of studies on demand-control-support and effort-reward imbalance models. Scand J Work Environ Health. mars 2014;40(2):109‑32.
39. Schnall PL, Dobson M, Landsbergis P. Globalization, Work, and cardiovascular disease. Int J Health Serv. 1 oct 2016;46(4):656‑92.
40. Landsbergis P, Gilbert-Ouimet M, Trudel X, Sembajwe G, Schnall P, Dobson M, et al. Prevention of hypertension due to long working hours and other work hazards is needed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1 janv 2025;51(1):48‑52.
41. Sonou A, Houehanou C, Dohou SH, Codjo HL, Hounsou D, Adjovi C, et al. artérielle chez des adultes volontaires dans 02 régions du Benin May Measurement Month, 2018. 2020;
42. Facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire chez le personnel du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bouaké (Côte d’Ivoire). Internet. ResearchGate. cité 12 oct 2025. Disponible sur: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368663416_Facteurs_de_risque_cardiovasculaire_chez_le_personnel_du_Centre_Hospitalier_Universitaire_de_Bouake_Cote_d'Ivoir
