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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Au Cameroun, des études menées à Yaoundé et à Dschang ont rapporté des prévalences de dysménorrhées primaires comprises entre 56,2 % et 75,5 % chez les adolescentes scolarisées. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la dysménorrhée primaire et d’évaluer son impact sur la qualité de vie des adolescentes scolarisées de la ville de Garoua. Méthodologie. Il s'agissait d’une étude transversale analytique à collecte prospective a été menée d’octobre 2024 à avril 2025 dans six établissements secondaires portant sur les adolescentes ménarches avec au moins un an de recul menstruel. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide d’un questionnaire structuré et la qualité de vie évaluée par l’EuroQol EQ-5D-5L. Résultats Parmi les 495 participantes, 428 (86,5 %) présentaient une dysménorrhée primaire. La tranche d'âge la plus représentée était celle des 16-17 ans (45,4 %). Les douleurs apparaissaient après la première année des règles dans 53,3 % des cas et débutaient au moment des règles chez 73,1 % des adolescentes. Les symptômes associés les plus fréquents étaient les douleurs des seins (29,7 %), les maux de tête (26,2 %) et l'insomnie (23,4 %). La majorité des adolescentes utilisaient des antalgiques (90,9 %), tandis que 39,5 % recouraient à des traitements traditionnels. L'absentéisme scolaire concernait 216 adolescentes (50,5 %). L'antécédent familial de dysménorrhée était le principal facteur associé (ORa = 2,37 ; IC95 % : 1,40–4,03 ; p = 0,001). Un impact modéré à sévère sur la qualité de vie a été observé chez 297 adolescentes (69,4 %), dont 47,2 % d'impact modéré et 22,2 % d'impact sévère. Conclusion. La dysménorrhée primaire est fréquente à Garoua et altère significativement la qualité de vie et la scolarité. Elle justifie la mise en place des programmes de santé scolaire intégrant l’éducation à la santé menstruelle et la sensibilisation du personnel éducatif.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Cameroon, studies conducted in Yaoundé and Dschang have reported prevalence rates of primary dysmenorrhoea ranging from 56.2% to 75.5% among school-going adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea and to assess its impact on the quality of life of school-going adolescents in the city of Garoua. Methodology. This was a prospective, cross-sectional analytical study conducted from October 2024 to April 2025 in six secondary schools, focusing on adolescent girls who had experienced menarche at least one year previously. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and quality of life was assessed using the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L. Results. Of the 495 participants, 428 (86.5%) had primary dysmenorrhoea. The most common age group was 16–17 years (45.4%). Pain began after the first year of menstruation in 53.3% of cases and started at the onset of menstruation in 73.1% of the adolescents. The most common associated symptoms were breast pain (29.7%), headaches (26.2%) and insomnia (23.4%). The majority of adolescents used painkillers (90.9%), whilst 39.5% resorted to traditional treatments. School absenteeism affected 216 adolescents (50.5%). A family history of dysmenorrhoea was the main associated factor (ORa = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.40–4.03; p = 0.001). A moderate to severe impact on quality of life was observed in 297 adolescent girls (69.4%), of whom 47.2% experienced a moderate impact and 22.2% a severe impact. Conclusion. Primary dysmenorrhoea is common in Garoua and significantly impairs quality of life and school attendance. It warrants the implementation of school health programmes incorporating menstrual health education and awareness-raising among educational staff.

Keywords

Primary dysmenorrhoea quality of life adolescent Garoua Dysménorrhée primaire qualité de vie adolescentes EQ-5D-5L Garoua Cameroun

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Inna Rakya, Roukia Laroumba Abalimane, Moustapha Bilkissou, Christiane Nsahlai, & Bita Fouda Andre. (2026). Primary Dysmenorrhoea among School-aged Adolescents in Garoua: Prevalence and Impact on Quality of Life : Dysménorrhée Primaire chez les Adolescentes Scolarisées à Garoua: Prévalence et Impact sur la Qualité de Vie . HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(4), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19414974
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