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Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La prescription irrationnelle de médicaments, marquée par la surprescription d’antibiotiques et la polymédication, constitue un problème majeur de santé publique au Mali, compromettant la sécurité des patients et l’efficience des systèmes de santé. Cette étude a évalué la rationalité des prescriptions médicamenteuses dans les centres de soins primaires de la Commune I de Bamako. Méthodes. Étude transversale descriptive menée de mars à juillet 2023, incluant 1 403 ordonnances et 86 prescripteurs (médecins, sage-femmes, infirmiers). Nous avons analysé les prescriptions selon les cinq indicateurs standard de l’OMS/INRUD : nombre moyen de médicaments par ordonnance, pourcentage d’antibiotiques, d’injectables, de médicaments en DCI, et de médicaments issus de la Liste Nationale des Médicaments Essentiels (LNME). Résultats. Le nombre moyen de médicaments par ordonnance était de 4,19 (norme OMS : 3). Les antibiotiques représentaient 41,5 % des prescriptions (norme : 30 %) et les injectables 41,8 % (norme : 20 %). Seuls 59,6 % des médicaments étaient prescrits en DCI (norme : 100 %) et 76,8 % figuraient sur la LNME (norme : 100 %). Le coût moyen par ordonnance était de 6 881 FCFA, 76,4 % des prescriptions étant entièrement à la charge des patients. Seuls 39,5 % des prescripteurs avaient reçu une formation à l’usage rationnel des médicaments. Conclusion. La prescription médicamenteuse dans les soins primaires à Bamako reste largement irrationnelle, avec une polymédication excessive, une surprescription d’antibiotiques et d’injectables, et un recours insuffisant aux génériques. Le renforcement de la formation des prescripteurs, la promotion des génériques et la mise en place d’audits réguliers sont prioritaires.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Irrational drug prescribing, marked by overuse of antibiotics and polypharmacy, is a major public health issue in Mali, compromising patient safety and health system efficiency. This study assessed the rationality of drug prescribing in primary care centres in Commune I of Bamako. Methods. We conducted a descriptive cross‑sectional study from March to July 2023, including 1,403 prescriptions and 86 prescribers (physicians, midwives, nurses). We analysed prescriptions using the five standard WHO/INRUD indicators: average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of antibiotics, percentage of injections, percentage of drugs prescribed by international non‑proprietary name (INN), and percentage of drugs from the National Essential Medicines List (NEML). Results. The average number of drugs per prescription was 4.19 (WHO target: 3). Antibiotics accounted for 41.5% of prescriptions (target: 30%) and injections for 41.8% (target: 20%). Only 59.6% of drugs were prescribed by INN (target: 100%) and 76.8% were from the NEML (target: 100%). The average cost per prescription was 6,881 FCFA; 76.4% of prescriptions were fully paid by patients. Only 39.5% of prescribers had received training in rational drug use. Conclusion. Drug prescribing in primary care in Bamako remains largely irrational, with excessive polypharmacy, overuse of antibiotics and injections, and insufficient use of generics. Strengthening prescriber training, promoting generics, and implementing regular audits are priorities.

Keywords

rational prescribing, rational use of medicines, primary care, Mali, Commune I, WHO/INRUD prescription rationnelle, usage rationnel des médicaments, soins primaires, Mali, Commune I, OMS/INRUD

Article Details

How to Cite
Sidibé S, Goïta IS, Tangara D, Sidibé DM, Niaré B, Sissoko AHG2, … Dicko F. (2026). Evaluation of Drug Prescribing in Primary Care Centres in Mali: A Cross‑Sectional Study Using WHO/INRUD Indicators in Commune I of Bamako: Évaluation de la Prescription Médicamenteuse dans les Centres de Soins Primaires au Mali : Une Étude Transversale Selon les Indicateurs OMS/INRUD dans la Commune I de Bamako. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(7), 51–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20651223

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