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Abstract

Primary Brain Calcification (PBC) is a rare neurological disorder that is exceptionally revealed during a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). We report the case of a 57-year-old Gabonese woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension who presented with confusion associated with severe hyperosmolar dehydration. Despite prompt correction of metabolic abnormalities, persistent neurological impairment prompted a non-contrast brain computed tomography scan, which demonstrated bilateral, symmetrical calcifications involving the basal ganglia and cerebellar dentate nuclei, consistent with probable Primary Brain Calcification. This case highlights the importance of neuroimaging in patients with incomplete neurological recovery after HHS, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Keywords

Fahr Disease; Primary Brain Calcification; Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State; Computed Tomography Maladie de Fahr ; syndrome hyperglycémique hyperosmolaire ; calcifications cérébrales primitives ; tomodensitométrie cérébrale

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Hilda Birinda, Stéphane Oliveira, Fanie Nelie Chela Tchibinda Ali, Timothée Ella-Ondo, Yannick Armand Ivala Mendome, Wilfried Mouiry Bivigou, … Romain Tchoua. (2026). Probable Primary Brain Calcification Revealed by Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State: A Case Report and Literature Review: Calcification Cérébrale Primitive Probable Révélée Par Un Syndrome Hyperglycémique Hyperosmolaire : À Propos d’Un Cas et Revue de la Littérature. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(10), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.67260/hsd.v27i10.7889
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