Main Article Content

Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. En Afrique subsaharienne, les dysraphismes spinaux se présentent souvent tardivement et avec une atteinte locale du sac. La morbidité postopératoire précoce y est habituellement rapportée à la sévérité anatomique. L’objectif étant de déterminer si l'état clinique à l'admission y contribue. Méthodes. Cohorte analytique monocentrique rapportée selon STROBE, au CHU de Bouaké : 84 enfants pris en charge, 75 opérés, trois encéphalocèles exclues, 72 dysraphismes spinaux analysés. Critère principal : complication peropératoire, infection postopératoire, réintervention ou décès dans les 30 jours suivant l'intervention. Test exact de Fisher, odds ratios conditionnels, intervalles exacts, correction de Benjamini-Hochberg sur douze comparaisons. Résultats. Une évolution défavorable a été observée chez treize des 72 patients (18,1 %). La rupture du sac avant l'admission présentait la plus petite valeur de p (6/16 contre 7/56 ; OR 4,09 ; IC 95 % 0,93-18,0 ; p = 0,032), devant le pied bot, la fuite de LCR et l'infection du sac (p = 0,050 à 0,103). Aucun des douze intervalles n'excluait la valeur nulle et aucune association ne demeurait significative après correction (q minimal 0,271). L'hydrocéphalie n'était pas associée au critère (p = 0,277), mais quatre des cinq décès concernaient des enfants hydrocéphales (p = 0,010, analyse descriptive). Conclusion. Les marqueurs de dégradation clinique préopératoire, au premier rang desquels la rupture du sac, étaient les signaux les plus marqués, devant les caractéristiques anatomiques ; aucun ne résistait à la correction de la multiplicité. La protection du sac et la précocité de la référence restent des hypothèses à tester.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In sub-Saharan Africa, spinal dysraphisms often present late and with local damage to the sac. Early postoperative morbidity is usually attributed to anatomical severity. The objective being to determine whether the clinical condition on admission is associated with an unfavourable early postoperative course. Methods. Single-centre analytical cohort study reported according to STROBE, at Bouaké Teaching Hospital: 84 children managed, 75 operated on, three encephaloceles excluded, 72 spinal dysraphisms analysed. Primary endpoint: intraoperative complication, postoperative infection, reoperation or death within 30 days of surgery. Fisher's exact test, conditional odds ratios, exact confidence intervals and Benjamini-Hochberg correction across twelve comparisons. Results. An unfavourable course was observed in thirteen of the 72 patients (18.1%). Rupture of the sac before admission carried the smallest p value (6/16 versus 7/56; OR 4.09; 95% CI 0.93-18.0; p = 0.032), ahead of clubfoot, CSF leak and infection of the sac (p = 0.050 to 0.103). None of the twelve intervals excluded the null value and no association remained significant after correction, the smallest q value being 0.271. Hydrocephalus was not associated with the endpoint (p = 0.277), but four of the five deaths occurred in children with hydrocephalus (p = 0.010, descriptive analysis). Conclusion. Markers of preoperative clinical deterioration, foremost rupture of the sac, were the strongest signals, ahead of anatomical characteristics; none withstood correction for multiplicity. Protection of the sac and early referral remain hypotheses to be tested.

Keywords

Spinal Dysraphism; Meningomyelocele; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Africa South of the Sahara Dysraphisme spinal ; Myéloméningocèle ; Complications postopératoires ; Facteurs de risque ; Afrique subsaharienne

Article Details

How to Cite
Teti Faozo Stephane Landry MD, Yao Konan Serge MD, Dongo Koffi Yves Soress MD, Fionko Yao Bernard MD, Keke Kouadio Jean Baptiste MD, Kouassi Koffi Jean-Jacques, … Haidara Aderehime MD. (2026). Factors Associated with Early Postoperative Complications of Spinal Dysraphism in a Hospital in Bouaké : Facteurs Associés aux Complications Postopératoires Précoces des Dysraphismes Spinaux dans un Hôpital à Bouaké. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(10), 74–80. https://doi.org/10.67260/hsd.v27i10.7903

References

  1. 1. Madrid L, Vyas KJ, Kancherla V, et al; CHAMPS Consortium. Neural tube defects as a cause of death among stillbirths, infants, and children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia: an analysis of the CHAMPS network. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11(7):e1041-e1052.
  2. 2. Wu Y, Chen L, Wang T. Neural tube defects burden from 1992 to 2021: a global, regional, and national age-period-cohort analysis of disability-adjusted life years. BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:418.
  3. 3. Katunzi DM, Samila DF, Magoha M, et al. Prevalence of neural tube defects and their associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2025;41(1):314.
  4. 4. Gupta S, Gal ZT, Athni TS, et al. Mapping the global neurosurgery workforce. Part 1: consultant neurosurgeon density. J Neurosurg. 2024;141(1):1-9.
  5. 5. Warf BC, Campbell JW. Combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization as primary treatment of hydrocephalus for infants with myelomeningocele: long-term results of a prospective intent-to-treat study in 115 East African infants. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008;2(5):310-316.
  6. 6. Weil AG, Westwick H, Wang S, et al. Efficacy and safety of endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization for infantile hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Childs Nerv Syst. 2016;32(11):2119-2131.
  7. 7. Idowu OE, Apemiye RA. Outcome of myelomeningocoele repair in sub-Saharan Africa: the Nigerian experience. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2008;150(9):911-913.
  8. 8. Mnguni MN, Enicker BC, Madiba TE. A perspective in the management of myelomeningocoele in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(7):1521-1527.
  9. 9. Reynolds RA, Bhebhe A, Garcia RM, et al. Surgical outcomes after myelomeningocele repair in Lusaka, Zambia. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:e332-e339.
  10. 10. Naseri Alavi SA, Rezkhah A, Majdi A, et al. Prognostic risk factors for early outcomes of patients with myelomeningocele: a prospective study. Childs Nerv Syst. 2024;40(9):2859-2863.
  11. 11. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet. 2007;370(9596):1453-1457.
  12. 12. Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR. A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1996;49(12):1373-1379.
  13. 13. Haizel-Cobbina J, Addy S, Obiri-Yeboah D, et al. Presentation and management of neural tube defects in the middle belt of Ghana. Childs Nerv Syst. 2025;41(1):203.
  14. 14. O'Leary S, Newsome-Cuby TR, Odiase P, et al. Spina bifida in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of presentation, management, and outcomes. J Clin Neurosci. 2026;148:111986.
  15. 15. Usman B. Challenges of myelomeningocele care in sub-Saharan Africa: a Nigerian centre experience. Arch Pediatr Neurosurg. 2026;8(1):e347

Most read articles by the same author(s)