Inflammatory Myopathies in Hospital Setting in Abidjan: Clinical Presentation, Paraclinical Findings and Management
Les Myopathies Inflammatoires en Milieu Hospitalier à Abidjan : Aspects Cliniques, Paracliniques et Thérapeutiques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i3.6523Keywords:
Myopathies, Clinical and paraclinical signs, AbidjanAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les myopathies inflammatoires dites « idiopathiques » forment un groupe de pathologies définies par l’infiltration inflammatoire primaire du tissu musculaire squelettique secondaire à une réponse auto-immune. L’objectif général de notre étude était de faire l’état des lieux des myopathies inflammatoires idiopathiques (MII) des patients suivis au CHU de Cocody. Patients et méthodes. Il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective, descriptive portant sur les dossiers de patients souffrant de myopathies inflammatoires, vus dans le service de rhumatologie du CHU de Cocody entre janvier 2010 et août 2022. Résultats. Treize patients ont été inclus. Leur âge moyen était de 36,46 +/- 11 ans. La durée moyenne d’évolution était de 6,3 mois. La douleur et la faiblesse prédominaient sur les muscles proximaux chez tous les patients. Des arthrites et arthralgies étaient présentes respectivement chez 7 et 6 patients. On notait un érythème périorbitaire, un œdème cutané chez 4 patients souffrants de dermatomyosite (DM). Le taux moyen de la CPK était de 1169,23 UI/l. L’électroneuromyogramme notait un tracé de type myogène chez 5 patients. Les anticorps anti-Jo1 étaient positifs chez 4 patients. Les différents types de myopathies rencontrés étaient la dermatomyosite (n = 5), le syndrome des anti-synthétases (n = 4), les myosites associées aux cancers (n=2), le syndrome de chevauchement (n=1) et polymyosite pure (n=1). Une corticothérapie à forte dose a été instituée chez tous nos patients. Le traitement de fond a été institué chez 5 patients. L’évolution clinique a été favorable chez 8 patients. Conclusion. Les MII sont des maladies de système qui restent rares dans notre contexte. Elles ont une prédominance féminine et apparaissent à un âge relativement jeune.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of disorders characterized by primary inflammatory infiltration of skeletal muscle tissue resulting from an autoimmune response. The primary objective of our study was to provide an overview of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) in patients managed at the Cocody University Teaching Hospital. Patients and Methods. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study based on the medical records of patients diagnosed with myopathies and treated in the rheumatology department of Cocody UTH between January 2010 and August 2022. Results. Thirteen patients with inflammatory myopathies were included. Their mean age was 36.46 ± 11 years, with a mean disease duration of 6.3 months. Pain and weakness, predominantly affecting proximal muscles, were observed in all patients. Arthritis and arthralgia were present in 7 and 6 patients, respectively. Periorbital erythema and cutaneous edema were noted in 4 patients with dermatomyositis (DM). The mean serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level was 1169.23 IU/L. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) revealed a myogenic pattern in 5 patients. Anti-Jo1 antibodies were positive in 4 patients. The distribution of myopathy subtypes was as follows: dermatomyositis (n = 5), antisynthetase syndrome (n = 4), cancer-associated myositis (n = 2), overlap syndrome (n = 1), and pure polymyositis (n = 1). High-dose corticosteroid therapy was initiated in all patients, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were introduced in 5 patients. Clinical improvement was observed in 8 patients. Conclusion. IIMs are systemic diseases that remain rare in our setting. They predominantly affect females and tend to manifest at a relatively young age.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Coulibaly Yaya, Ouattara Baly, Kpami You Nina Carmelle, Bamba Aboubakar; Kollo Brice Nzima Kevin; Goua Jean Jacques, Coulibaly Abidou Kawelé, Djaha Kouassi Jean Mermoz, Diomande Mohamed, Gbané Mariam, Eti Edmond
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