Attention à la Géophagie en Cas d’Asthénie Profonde : A Propos d’un Cas
Be Careful of Geophagia in Case of Severe Fatigue: A Case Report
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i1.6292Mots-clés :
Géophagie, Fatigue, Réentrainement à l'effort, NigerRésumé
ABSTRACT
Geophagia is the habit of consuming clay, soil, chalk or kaolin. It is highly prevalent in pregnant women because of its antinausea effects. Numerous cross-sectional studies found that geophagy was correlated with anaemia and iron deficiency. The clay is known as iron absorption chelator through the intestinal villus, thus chronic Geophagia potentially leads to martial anaemia. The study reports fatigue complains in 46 years old woman. The onset began 8 months ago in a context of massive clay consumption. The fatigue was classified severe on Borg dyspnea and fatigue perception’s scale. The clinical examination found conjunctivas and mucous membranes pallor, hypotension, tachycardia and systolic murmur in cardiac auscultation. No abnormal temperature. Biological exams revealed anaemia with haemoglobin, red blood cells and platelets reduction. Hypocalcaemia and ferritin deficiency were also found. The treatment including Geophagia suspension, iron supplementation and physical training program, led to a total recovery in three months of follow up.
RÉSUMÉ
La géophagie est l'habitude de consommer de l'argile, de la terre, de la craie ou du kaolin. Elle est très répandue chez les femmes enceintes en raison de ses effets anti nauséeux. De nombreuses études transversales ont montré que la géophagie était corrélée à l'anémie et à la carence en fer. L'argile est connue pour être un chélateur de l'absorption du fer par les villosités intestinales, de sorte que la géophagie chronique peut entraîner une anémie martiale. L'étude rapporte des plaintes de fatigue chez une femme de 46 ans. L'apparition a commencé il y a 8 mois dans un contexte de consommation massive d'argile. La fatigue a été classée sévère sur l'échelle de Borg de perception de la dyspnée et de la fatigue. L'examen clinique retrouve une pâleur des conjonctives et des muqueuses, une hypotension, une tachycardie et un souffle systolique à l'auscultation cardiaque. Pas de température anormale. Les examens biologiques ont révélé une anémie avec diminution de l'hémoglobine, des globules rouges et des plaquettes. Une hypocalcémie et un déficit en ferritine ont également été constatés. Le traitement comprenant la suspension de la géophagie, la supplémentation en fer et un programme d'entraînement physique, a conduit à une guérison totale en trois mois de suivi.
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