Traitement Chirurgical des Fractures du Plancher de l’Orbite au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i3.5411Keywords:
surgical treatment, fracture, orbital floor, CHUYOAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le but de cette étude était de rapporter le traitement chirurgical des fractures du plancher orbitaire au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo. Méthodologie. Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale descriptive à collecte rétrospective du 1er janvier 2018 au 31 décembre 2022 au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado OUEDRAOGO. Tous les patients traités chirurgicalement pour fracture du plancher orbitaire et ayant un dossier médical comprenant les paramètres d’étude ont été retenus. Ces paramètres d’étude étaient d’ordre épidémiologique, anatomo-clinique, thérapeutique et évolutif. Résultat. Au total 169 cas de fractures du plancher orbitaire ont été colligés en cinq ans dont 41 (24,26%) traités chirurgicalement. L’âge moyen des patients opérés était de 33,6 ans ± 6,2 ans. Le sex-ratio était de 4,85. Les accidents de la circulation routière étaient impliqués dans 87,81% des cas. Une fracture du plancher orbitaire avec incarcération graisseuse a été notée chez 63,42% des patients. Les fractures Blow out impur représentaient 82,92% des cas. Des lésions associées ont été retrouvées chez 82,93% des patients. La voie d’abord était transcutanée sous-tarsale dans 68,29% des cas. La désincarcération du plancher plus reconstruction par greffon était le geste chirurgical réalisé dans 51,22% des cas. L’évolution a été favorable dans 73,17% au prix de séquelles esthétiques et fonctionnelles (26,83%). Conclusion. Ces résultats appellent aux renforcements de la sécurité routière et des plateaux techniques des hôpitaux ainsi que la levée des barrières financières aux soins.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. The aim of this study was to report on the surgical treatment of orbital floor fractures at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO University Hospital. Methodology. This was a descriptive retrospective transverse study from 1st january 2018 to 31st december 2022 at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO University Hospital. All patients who had surgery for orbital floor fracture and whose medical records included the study parameters were included. These study parameters were epidemiological, anatomo-clinical, therapeutic and evolutive. Results. A total of 169 cases of orbital floor fractures were recorded over five years, of which 41 (24.26%) were treated surgically. The mean age of the patients operated on was 33.6 ± 6.2 years. The sex ratio was 4.85. Road traffic accidents were involved in 87.81% of cases. A fracture of the orbital floor with fat incarceration was noted in 63.42% of subjects. Blow-out fractures accounted for 82.92% of cases. Associated lesions were found in 82.93% of subjects. The approach was transcutaneous under the tarsus in 68.29% of cases. Removal of the floor and reconstruction with a graft was the surgical procedure performed in 51.22% of cases. The outcome was favourable (73.17%) at the cost of aesthetic and functional sequelae (26.83%). Conclusion. These results call for improvements in road safety and hospital technical facilities, as well as the removal of financial barriers to care.
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