Diagnosis and Management of Acute Childhood Appendicitis and Its Complications in Brazzaville
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i4.5534Keywords:
Acute appendicitis, Complications, BrazzavilleAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L’appendicite aigue représente l’une des urgences chirurgicales viscérales les plus fréquentes chez l’enfant à Brazzaville. L'objectif de cette étude était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de l’appendicite aigue et de ses complications dans le Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique du Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire (CHU) de Brazzaville. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective descriptive, menée dans le Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique du CHU de Brazzaville sur une période de 5 ans allant de janvier 2019 -décembre 2023 portant sur tous les enfants de moins de 16 ans pris en charge pour une appendicite aigue ou une de ses complications. Résultats. Nous avons enregistré 116 enfants ayant été hospitalisés dans le service pour une appendicite aigue ou une de ses complications, représentant 3,4% des hospitalisations avec un sex ratio de 1,60 et un âge moyen de 8,92 ± 1,67 ans. Le délai moyen de consultation était de 32,78±12,55 heures. Les formes cliniques étaient représentées par l’appendicite aiguë non compliquée (33,65%) et l’appendicite compliquée (66,35%). L’aspect macroscopique prédominant était l’appendice phlegmoneux dans (30,39%). Les suites opératoires étaient simples dans 73,83% des cas. Le taux de mortalité était de 2,80%. La durée moyenne d’hospitalisation était de 6,34±2,41 jours. Conclusion. L’appendicite aigue de l’enfant constitue une entité clinique assez retrouvée au CHU de Brazzaville, responsable de complications graves du fait du retard diagnostique et thérapeutique.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Acute appendicitis is one of the most common visceral surgical emergencies in children in Brazzaville. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of acute appendicitis and its complications in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Brazzaville University Hospital Center (CHU). Methods. This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the CHU de Brazzaville over a 5-year period from January 2019 to December 2023. The study included all children under 16 years of age who were admitted for acute appendicitis or one of its complications. Results. We recorded 116 children who were hospitalized in the department for acute appendicitis or one of its complications, representing 3.4% of hospitalizations with a sex ratio of 1.60 and an average age of 8.92 ± 1.67 years. The average consultation time was 32.78±12.55 hours. The clinical forms were represented by uncomplicated acute appendicitis (33.65%) and complicated appendicitis (66.35%). The predominant macroscopic aspect was phlegmonous appendicitis in (30.39%). The postoperative course was uneventful in 73.83% of cases. The mortality rate was 2.80%. The average length of hospitalization was 6.34±2.41 days. Conclusion. Acute appendicitis in children is a fairly common clinical entity at the CHU de Brazzaville, responsible for serious complications due to diagnostic and therapeutic delays.
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