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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le mal de Pott se définit par l’ensemble des manifestations pathologiques secondaires aux atteintes des structures osseuses par le bacille de Koch (BK). Le but du travail était de décrire les aspects particuliers au Mal de Pott chez l’enfant. Patients et méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale rétrospective, descriptive portant sur les enfants âgés de 3 à 8 ans atteints de mal de Pott dorsolombaire, colligés au service de neurochirurgie de l’Hôpital National de Niamey, durant une période de 5 ans du 22/6/2015 au 10/6/2020. Nous avons eu recours aux à tous les dossiers des enfants âgés de moins de 9 ans. La confirmation du diagnostic est basée sur les données anatomo-pathologiques ou anamnestiques, cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques. Résultats. Six enfants ont été trouvés et étudiés (1.2 cas / an). Leur âge moyen était de 4,16 ans, le sexe masculin était prédominant avec un sex/ratio de 2. Le mal de Pott dans cette tranche d’âge sur 5 ans (6 cas) représentait 5% de tous les patients souffrant de mal de Pott dorsolombaire. Tous les enfants soit 100% avaient des antécédents de chute de leur hauteur et ceci est la découverte majeure de notre étude dans cette tranche d’âge. Sur le plan clinique, en cas d’atteinte thoracique, il s’agissait d’une paraparésie et/ou d’une paraplégie fébrile ou subfébrile d’installation progressive. La destruction osseuse était massive au scanner. L’IDR à la tuberculine était positive. Le traitement a été médicochirurgical. Un corset rigide fabriqué localement à Niamey a par la suite été placé. Conclusion. Le mal de pott dorsolombaire de l’enfant atteint surtout le gaon de quatre ans. Il est favorisé par le traumatisme. C’est une urgence neurochirurgicale.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Pott's disease is defined as any secondary pathological manifestations to bone structures by the Koch bacillus. The aim of our study was to describe specificities of pediatric Pott’s disease. Patients and methods. This was a cross sectional retrospective, descriptive study of children aged 3 to 8 years with Pott’s disease, who were collected at the Neurosurgery Department of the National Hospital of Niamey, during a period of 5 years from 22/6/2015 to 10/6/2020. We used all children's records under 9 years of age. The confirmation of the diagnosis was based on a combination of clinical features, histological records, biological and radiological results. Results. Six 6 cases were recorded. The average age of patients was 4.16 years old. The sex ratio M/F was 2. The 5-year proportion of pediatric Pott’s disease was 5% of all Pott’s disease patients. All children had a history of falling of their height and that was the major discovery of our study in this age group. When lesion was at the thoracic level, there was paraparesia and / or febrile paraplegia or progressive sub-febrile onset. CT always showed massive bone destruction. IDR to tuberculin was positive. Management was medico-surgical. A locally made rigid corset was inserted. Conclusion. Pediatric dorsolumbar Pott’s disease of affects mainly boys aged around 4 years. Il is associated with prior trauma. It is a neurosurgical emergency.
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References
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- .Tuli S. Tuberculosis of the spine: a historical review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;460:29-38 pubmed
- . Song D, Sohn S, Kim Y, Eun S, Rhie Y, Jang G, et al. A childhood case of spinal tuberculosis misdiagnosed as muscular dystrophy. Korean J Pediatr. 2010; 53:657-60 pubmed
- . Varatharajah S, Charles Y, Buy X, Walter A, Steib J. Update on the surgical management of Pott's disease. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2014; 100:229-35 pubmed publisher
- . Jin D, Qu D, Chen J, Zhang H. One-stage anterior interbody autografting and instrumentation in primary surgical management of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis. Eur Spine J. 2004; 13:114-21 pubmed
- . Doe K, Lopes M, Taha S, Leriche B, Nogues L. [Neurosurgical management of paraplegia complicating Pott's disease: a six-case study]. Neurochirurgie. 2009; 55:63-9 pubmed publisher
- .Prise en charge du mal de Pott de l’enfant dans un contexte de tuberculose multifocale. T Alihonou1 (alihonouthierry at yahoo dot fr) #, F Alihonou2, P Chigblo3, C Padonou4. DOI //dx.doi.org/10.13070/rs.fr.4.2313.Date 2017-06-27.Citer comme Research fr 2017; 4:2313. Licence CC-BY
- .Gorse G, Pais M, Kusske J, Cesario T. Tuberculous spondylitis. A report of six cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1983; 62:178-93 pubmed
- .Cotten A, Flipo R, Drouot M, Maury F, Chastanet P, Duquesnoy B, et al. [Spinal tuberculosis. Study of clinical and radiological aspects from a series of 82 cases]. J Radiol. 1996; 77:419-26 pubmed
- . Sun Sun, Hahn Y, McLone DG. Pain in children with spinal cord tumors. Child's Brain 1984; 11(1):36-46.
- . Holl N, Kremer S, Wolfram-Gabel R, Dietemann JL. The spinal canal: from imaginig anatomy to diagnosis. J Radiol 2010 Sep; 91(9pt2):950-68.
- . Tali E. Spinal infections. Eur J Radiol. 2004;50:120-33 pubmed
- . Rajasekaran S. Kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis and its management. Int Orthop. 2012; 36:359-65 pubmed publisher
- . Khoo L, Mikawa K, Fessler R. A surgical revisitation of Pott distemper of the spine. Spine J. 2003;3:130-45 pubmed
References
. TEKLALI Y, FELLOUS EL ALAMI Z, EL MADHI T, GOURINDA H, MIRI A. La tuberculose ostéo-articulaire chez l’enfant: à propos de 106 cas. Revue de rhumatologie 70(2003)595-599.
. Obilat H. Les compressions médullaires non traumatiques de l’enfant. Thèse de doctorat en médecine, Casablanca; 2003, n °150,164 pages.
. Epstein FJ, Ragheb J. Intramedullary Tumors of the Spinal Cord. Pediatric neurosurgery. 3rd Edition. W.B. Saunders; 1994.36:446-57.
. Chamberlain Mc, Kormanik PA. Epidural spinal cord compression: A single institution’s retrospective experience. Neuro-oncology 1999 apr; 1(2):120-3
.Tuli S. Tuberculosis of the spine: a historical review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;460:29-38 pubmed
. Song D, Sohn S, Kim Y, Eun S, Rhie Y, Jang G, et al. A childhood case of spinal tuberculosis misdiagnosed as muscular dystrophy. Korean J Pediatr. 2010; 53:657-60 pubmed
. Varatharajah S, Charles Y, Buy X, Walter A, Steib J. Update on the surgical management of Pott's disease. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2014; 100:229-35 pubmed publisher
. Jin D, Qu D, Chen J, Zhang H. One-stage anterior interbody autografting and instrumentation in primary surgical management of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis. Eur Spine J. 2004; 13:114-21 pubmed
. Doe K, Lopes M, Taha S, Leriche B, Nogues L. [Neurosurgical management of paraplegia complicating Pott's disease: a six-case study]. Neurochirurgie. 2009; 55:63-9 pubmed publisher
.Prise en charge du mal de Pott de l’enfant dans un contexte de tuberculose multifocale. T Alihonou1 (alihonouthierry at yahoo dot fr) #, F Alihonou2, P Chigblo3, C Padonou4. DOI //dx.doi.org/10.13070/rs.fr.4.2313.Date 2017-06-27.Citer comme Research fr 2017; 4:2313. Licence CC-BY
.Gorse G, Pais M, Kusske J, Cesario T. Tuberculous spondylitis. A report of six cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1983; 62:178-93 pubmed
.Cotten A, Flipo R, Drouot M, Maury F, Chastanet P, Duquesnoy B, et al. [Spinal tuberculosis. Study of clinical and radiological aspects from a series of 82 cases]. J Radiol. 1996; 77:419-26 pubmed
. Sun Sun, Hahn Y, McLone DG. Pain in children with spinal cord tumors. Child's Brain 1984; 11(1):36-46.
. Holl N, Kremer S, Wolfram-Gabel R, Dietemann JL. The spinal canal: from imaginig anatomy to diagnosis. J Radiol 2010 Sep; 91(9pt2):950-68.
. Tali E. Spinal infections. Eur J Radiol. 2004;50:120-33 pubmed
. Rajasekaran S. Kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis and its management. Int Orthop. 2012; 36:359-65 pubmed publisher
. Khoo L, Mikawa K, Fessler R. A surgical revisitation of Pott distemper of the spine. Spine J. 2003;3:130-45 pubmed