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ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency and characteristics of early postoperative arrhythmias, factors associated with their occurrence, and their treatment in children after cardiac surgery.
METHODOLOGY: This was a retrospective and analytic study in children operated at the Cardiac Center Shisong (Cameroon) between January 2010 and December 2013. Information on demographic, pre-operative, surgical and post-operative characteristics was extracted from each patient’s medical record. Arrhythmias were classified as sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, atrial flutter, etc...
RESULTS: A total of 150 children were recruited. The most common arrhythmias were supra-ventricular tachycardia (35.3%), sinus bradycardia (19.6%) and junctional ectopic tachycardia (15.7%). Arrhythmias appeared mainly in the first 24 hours postoperative (57.4%). Amiodarone was the most commonly used antiarrhythmic drug. After a multivariate logistic regression analysis, weight between 5 and 9 kg (p < 0.001) and open heart surgery (p < 0.01) were the factors that remained significantly associated with arrhythmias.
CONCLUSION: Early postoperative arrhythmias are common after pediatric cardiac surgery and the most common is supra-ventricular tachycardia. Children with weight ranging between 5 and 9 kg and those who undergo an open heart surgery are at risk of developing arrhythmias.

RÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIFS: Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de déterminer la fréquence et les caractéristiques des arythmies postopératoires précoces, les facteurs liés à leur fréquence, et leur traitement chez les enfants après une chirurgie cardiaque.
MÉTHODOLOGIE: Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective, analytique chez les enfants opérés au Centre de chirurgie cardiaque de Shisong (Cameroun) entre Janvier 2010 et Décembre 2013. Les informations sur les données démographiques, les caractéristiques pré et post-opératoires des patients, la chirurgie réalisée ont été obtenues à partir du dossier médical de chaque patient. Les arythmies ont été classées en bradycardie sinusale, tachycardie sinusale, flutter auriculaire,...
RÉSULTATS: Un total de 150 enfants ont été recrutés. Les arythmies les plus fréquentes étaient la tachycardie supra-ventriculaire (35,3%), bradycardie sinusale (19,6%) et la tachycardie ectopique jonctionnelle (15,7%). Les arythmies sont apparues principalement dans les 24 premières heures post-opératoires (57,4%). L’Amiodarone était l'antiarythmique le plus utilisé. Après une régression logistique multivariée, le poids entre 5 et 9 kg (p <0,001) et la chirurgie à cœur ouvert (p <0,01) ont été les facteurs qui restaient significativement associés à des arythmies.
CONCLUSION: Les arythmies postopératoires précoces sont fréquentes après une chirurgie cardiaque pédiatrique et la tachycardies supra-ventriculaire est la plus retrouvée. Les patients ayant un poids compris entre 5 et 9 kg et qui ont subi une chirurgie à cœur ouvert sont le plus à risque de développer une arythmie en post opératoire.

Keywords

Arrhythmias Cardiac Surgery Early Postoperative period Pediatrics Cameroon

Article Details

How to Cite
Chelo, D., Ateba Ateba, N., Tantchou Tchoumi, J. C., Ngo Nonga, B., Mve Mvondo, C., Kingue, S., & Abena Obama, M. T. (2015). Early Postoperative Arrhythmias after Cardiac Surgery in Children at the Shisong Cardiac Center, Cameroon. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v16i2.523
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References

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