Current Detection of Crystals and Bacteria in Urine during Urinary Tract Infections in Libreville, Gabon
Identification des Cristaux et des Bactéries dans l'Urine lors d'Infections Urinaires à Libreville, Gabon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i10.6081Keywords:
Urine, Crystals, Bacteria, GabonAbstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Gabon, no studies have yet identified the crystals and bacteria found in urine during urinary tract infections in Libreville. The aim of this study is to identify the crystals and bacteria commonly found during urinary tract infections and to measure their prevalence, as well as the correlation existing between these crystals and bacteria. Methods. This was an observational Study on patients, aged between three months to 83 years old, who consulted between 1995 and 2015 at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Bacteriology and Virology Department of Libreville Health Sciences University in Gabon for a urine cytobacterial analysis. Results. We collected 1262 urine samples. Crystals were identified in 249 (19.7%) patients. Calcium oxalate and uric acid were the most commonly found crystals in 167 (13.2%) and 32 cases (2.5%), respectively. Crystal mixtures were found in 22 patients, including seven cases of calcium oxalate-uric acid (OxCalAcUr) and four cases of calcium oxalate-struvite (OxCalStruvite). Crystals were more often detected in patients with urinary tract infections than those without, (23.3%, P=0.03). Bacteria were isolated in 32% of patients (404/1262). They belonged mainly to the Escherichia (9.6%; 121 cases), Staphylococcus (7%; 89 cases), Streptococcus (5%; 63 cases) and Klebsiella (3%; 38 cases) genera. Urinary tract infections were common in patients over 60 years old and in those with alkaline urine pH. Women were more likely to be infected. Conclusion. Crystals and bacteria, especially E. coli, are common and often coexist in patients experiencing urinary tracts infections in Libreville, Gabon. Further studies should evaluate the relationship between bacteria and kidney stones in lithiasis patients in Gabon.
RESUME
Introduction. Au Gabon, aucune étude n'a encore identifié les cristaux et les bactéries retrouvés dans les urines au cours des infections urinaires à Libreville. Le but de cette étude est d'identifier les cristaux et les bactéries fréquemment retrouvés lors des infections urinaires. Méthodologie. Il s'agit d'une étude observationnelle sur des patients, âgés de trois mois à 83 ans, qui ont consulté entre 1995 et 2015 au laboratoire de bactériologie du service de bactériologie et de virologie de l'université des sciences de la santé de Libreville au Gabon pour une analyse cytobactérienne des urines. Résultats. Nous avons collecté 1262 échantillons d'urine. Des cristaux ont été identifiés chez 249 patients (19,7%). L'oxalate de calcium et l'acide urique étaient les cristaux les plus fréquemment trouvés dans 167 (13,2 %) et 32 cas (2,5 %), respectivement. Des mélanges de cristaux ont été trouvés chez 22 patients, dont sept cas d'oxalate de calcium-acide urique (OxCalAcUr) et quatre cas d'oxalate de calcium-struvite (OxCalStruvite). Les cristaux ont été plus souvent détectés chez les patients souffrant d'une infection urinaire que chez ceux qui n'en souffraient pas (23,3 %, P=0,03). Des bactéries ont été isolées chez 32% des patients (404/1262). Elles appartenaient principalement aux genres Escherichia (9,6% ; 121 cas), Staphylococcus (7% ; 89 cas), Streptococcus (5% ; 63 cas) et Klebsiella (3% ; 38 cas). Les infections urinaires étaient fréquentes chez les patients âgés de plus de 60 ans et chez ceux dont le pH urinaire était alcalin. Les femmes étaient plus susceptibles d'être infectées. Conclusion. Les cristaux et les bactéries, en particulier E. coli, sont fréquents et coexistent souvent chez les patients souffrant d'infections urinaires à Libreville, au Gabon. D'autres études devraient évaluer la relation entre les bactéries et les calculs rénaux chez les patients porteurs de lithiase au Gabon.
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