Prevalence of Arterial Hypertension at Workplace and their Risk Factors in Gabon: Case of a Mining Company
Prévalence de l’Hypertension Artérielle en Milieu Professionnel au Gabon : Cas d’une Compagnie Minière
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i1.6288Keywords:
hypertension, work, mine, moandaAbstract
RÉSUMÉ Introduction. Dans les pays en voie de développement, notamment au Gabon, l’hypertension artérielle (HTA) reste un problème de santé publique et les études en milieu de travail minier sont rares. L’objectif de l’étude était de déterminer la prévalence de l’HTA et ses facteurs associés chez les travailleurs d’une société minière au Gabon. Méthodes. Une étude descriptive et rétrospective, à visée analytique a été menée du 3 janvier au 30 novembre 2022. Elle a porté sur les dossiers médicaux des travailleurs au sein du service de santé au travail, d’une entreprise minière, dans le cadre des visites médicales périodiques. Résultats. L’étude a inclus, 508 sujets dont 479 de sexe masculin (94,3%) et 29 de sexe féminin (5,7%). L’âge moyen était de 42,5 ans ±7,4 avec des extrêmes allant de 25 ans et 67 ans. La prévalence de l’HTA était de 39,9%. Les conducteurs représentaient la catégorie professionnelle la plus touchée par l’HTA (49%). Les facteurs de risques significativement associés à l’HTA étaient le sexe (p= 0,006), l’âge (p= 0,008), l’alcool (p= 0,001) et l’IMC (p= 0,001). Conclusion. Ce travail révèle une forte prévalence de l’HTA par rapport à la population générale gabonaise. Les facteurs associés à la survenue de l’HTA ont été identifiés. Cette situation confirme la nécessité de maintenir les actions de prévention de l’HTA et de ses facteurs de risque par le service de santé au travail de l’entreprise. ABSTRACT Introduction. In developing countries, notably Gabon, arteriel hypertension remains a public health problem, and studies in mining workplaces are rare. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among workers in a Gabonese mining company. Methods. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from January 3rd to November 30th, 2022. It focused on the medical records of workers in the occupational health department of a mining company, as part of periodic medical check-ups. Results. The study included 508 subjects, 479 of whom were male (94.3%) and 29 female (5.7%). The mean age was 42.5 ±7.4 years, with extremes ranging from 25 to 67 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 39.9%. Drivers were the occupational category most affected by hypertension (49%). Risk factors significantly associated with hypertension were gender (p= 0.006), age (p= 0.008), alcohol (p= 0.001) and BMI (p= 0.001). Conclusion. This study reveals a high prevalence of hypertension in the Gabonese general population. Factors associated with the onset of hypertension have been identified. This situation confirms the need for the company's occupational health department to continue its efforts to prevent hypertension and its risk factors.References
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