Main Article Content
Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec d’autres hommes sont considérés comme à haut risque d’infections en République du Congo. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer les prévalences du VIH, de la syphilis, et des hépatites B et C dans cette population. Méthodologie. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale conduite du 16 au 25 février 2012 s’appuyant sur la méthode dite des répondants. Le plasma recueilli a été transmis au Laboratoire National de Santé Publique pour les analyses. Les tests ELISA ont été réalisés pour le dépistage du VIH, HCV, AgHBs et les tests RPR et TPHA pour la syphilis. Le logiciel SPSS a été utilisé pour des analyses statistiques. Résultats. L’analyse des 155 échantillons collectés a montré les prévalences suivantes : HIV : 26,45%, (22,9% à Brazzaville et 29,4% à Pointe-Noire), Syphilis : 7,09% (2,9% à Brazzaville et 10,6% à Pointe-Noire), HCV : 2,4%, (0% à Brazzaville et 2,4% à Pointe-Noire) et pour l’hépatite B, une prévalence de 9,2% a été obtenue (4,3% à Brazzaville et 14,1% à Pointe-Noire :). Seuls l’usage sporadique du préservatif au cours des six derniers mois et l’âge du premier rapport sexuel ont été positivement associés au risque d’infection à l’hépatite B dans la ville de Pointe-Noire (p = 0,04). Conclusion. La prévalence des IST chez ces sujets, en particulier du VIH, est huit fois supérieure à celle de la population générale et met ainsi en lumière le possible rôle de passerelle épidémiologique de cette population en République du Congo.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Men who have sex with men are considered at high risk of infection in the Republic of Congo. The objective of our study was therefore to determine the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C in this population. Materials and methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 16 to 25 February 2012 using the so-called respondent method. The blood samples were analyzed in the National Public Health Laboratory. ELISA tests were performed for HIV, HCV and HBsAg screening and RPR and TPHA tests for syphilis. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results. Among 155 samples, the following prevalences were found: HIV: 26.45% (22.9% in Brazzaville and 29.4% in Pointe-Noire); Syphilis: 7.09% (2.9% in Brazzaville and 10.6% in Pointe-Noire), HCV: 2.4%, (0% in Brazzaville and 2.4% in Pointe-Noire) and for hepatitis B, a prevalence of 9.2% was found (4.3% in Brazzaville and 14.1% in Pointe-Noire:). Only sporadic condom use in the past six months and age of first sexual intercourse were positively associated with the risk of hepatitis B infection in the city of Pointe-Noire (p = 0.04). Conclusion. The prevalence of STIs, particularly HIV, is eight times higher than in the general population. This highlights the potential role of this subgroup as an epidemiological bridge in the Republic of Congo.
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References
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- Jin F, Prestage GP, Imrie J, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, et al. Anal sexually transmitted infections and risk of HIV infection in homosexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010; 53(1):144–9.
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- Kim Agj Romijinders, Joyce E Nyoni, Michael W Ross, Sheryl A McCurdy, Jessie Mbwambo, Gerjo
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- Bakai TA, Evouevi DK, Tchounga BK et al condom use and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Togo, West Africa. PAN AFR MED J. 2016; 23:118.
- Bhattacharjee P, McClarty LM, Musyoki H et al. Monitoring HIV prevention programme outcomes among key populations in Kenya : Findings from a national survey. Plos One. 2015; 10(8): 1-11.
- Ross MW, Nyoni J, Ahaneku HO et al. High HIV prevalence, rectal STIs and sexual behavior in men who have sex with men in Dar es Salaam and Taga, Tanzania. BMJ Open, 2014; 4(8): 1-8.
- Johnston LG, Alami K, El Rhilani et al. HIV, syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Agadir and Marrakesh, Morroco. Sex transm Infect, 2013; 89 suppl 3: iii45-iii48.
- Danta M, Brown D, Bhagani S, Pybus OG, Sabin CA, Nelson M, et al. Recent epidemic of acute hepatitis C virus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men linked to high-risk sexual behaviours. AIDS 2007;21:983–91.
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References
Guyen (T.V), Kompanje (E.J), Van Praag (M.C): A few milestones in the history of syphilis. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2013; 157(12).
Jin F, Prestage GP, Imrie J, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, et al. Anal sexually transmitted infections and risk of HIV infection in homosexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010; 53(1):144–9.
Buchacz K, Patel P, Taylor M, Kerndt PR, Byers RH, Holmberg SD, et al. Syphilis increases HIV viral load and decreases CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected patients with new syphilis infections. AIDS 2004;18(15):2075–9.
Chris Beyrer, Stefan D Baral, Frits van Griensven, Steven M Goodreau, Prof. Suwat , Chariyalertsak, Andrea L Wirtz, Ron Brookmeyer. Global epidemiology of HIV infection in men who have sex with menLancet. 2012 July 28; 380(9839): 367–377. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60821-6.
Oluyemisi O Ayoola, Adekemi O Sekomi and Kofoworola A Odeyemi. Transactional Sex, Codom and lubricant use among Men xho have sex with men in lagos state, Nigeria. African Journal of Reproduction Health, 2013 17(4):90-98.
Dah TT, Orne-Gliemann J, Guiard-Schmid JB, Becquet R, Larmarange J. Men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV infection in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Knowledge, attitudes, practices and seroprevalence survey Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2016 Sep; 64(4):295-300.
Wade (A.S), Kane (CT), Diallo (P.A) et al.: HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Senegal, AIDS 2005; 19 (18):2133-40.
Ju Nyeong Park, Erin Papworth, Sethson Kassegne, Laure Moukam et al. HIV prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Cameroon. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2013, 16(Suppl 3):18752.
Centre National de la Statistique et des Étude Économiques (CNSEE) /ICF Macro éd. Enquête de séroprévalence et sur les indicateurs du Sida au Congo (ESISC-I) 2009. Rapport de synthèse. Disponible à partir de l’URL :http://www.cnsee.org/pdf/RapSyntESISC.pdf consulté le 25 septembre 2015
Leo A. Goodman: Snowball sampling. Annal of mathematical statistics, 32, 1961.
Family Health International. Behavioral surveillance survey: guidelines for repeated behavioral survey in populations at risk. Available on: http://www.fhi360.org./source/guide-conducting-behavioral-survellance-surveillance-surveys-hivaids. Accessed December 14, 2011.
Kim Agj Romijinders, Joyce E Nyoni, Michael W Ross, Sheryl A McCurdy, Jessie Mbwambo, Gerjo
Kok, Rik Crutzen. Lubrican use and Condom use
during anal sex in men who have sex with men in Tanzania. Int J STD AIDS 27(14).
Mmbaga EJ, Moen K, Makyao N, Mpembeni R, Leshabari MT. HIV and STI s among men who have sex with men in Dodoma municipality, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. Sex Transm Infect. 2017 ; 15.
Kim EJ Hladik W, Baker J et al. sexually transmitted infections associated with alcohol use and HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Kampala, Uganda.Sex Trans Infect. 2016, 92(3):240-5.
Bakai TA, Evouevi DK, Tchounga BK et al condom use and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Togo, West Africa. PAN AFR MED J. 2016; 23:118.
Bhattacharjee P, McClarty LM, Musyoki H et al. Monitoring HIV prevention programme outcomes among key populations in Kenya : Findings from a national survey. Plos One. 2015; 10(8): 1-11.
Ross MW, Nyoni J, Ahaneku HO et al. High HIV prevalence, rectal STIs and sexual behavior in men who have sex with men in Dar es Salaam and Taga, Tanzania. BMJ Open, 2014; 4(8): 1-8.
Johnston LG, Alami K, El Rhilani et al. HIV, syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Agadir and Marrakesh, Morroco. Sex transm Infect, 2013; 89 suppl 3: iii45-iii48.
Danta M, Brown D, Bhagani S, Pybus OG, Sabin CA, Nelson M, et al. Recent epidemic of acute hepatitis C virus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men linked to high-risk sexual behaviours. AIDS 2007;21:983–91.
Ekouevi DK, Dagnra CY, Goilibe KB, Tchounga B, Orne-Gliemann J, Salou M, Anato S, Prince-David M, Pitche VP. HIV seroprevalence and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Togo. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2014 Apr;62(2):127-34. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.11.074. Epub 2014 Mar