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Abstract
RESUME
Introduction: Le but du traitement des lésions du rachis cervical supérieur est outre la protection de l’axe neurologique, la sauvegarde de la fonction qui du fait de la large participation de ce segment rachidien à la mobilité de la tête doit s’efforcer de conserver au maximum les mobilités dans les segments C0-C1, C1-C2 et C2-C3. Le cadre de LUQUE apporterait- il une stabilité des fractures du rachis cervical supérieur dans nos conditions de pratique africaine ?
Objectif: Evaluer l’efficacité de l’arthrodèse occipito-cervicale par laçage du cadre rectangulaire de LUQUE dans le traitement des fractures instables du rachis cervical supérieur à l’Hôpital Général de Douala.
Methodologie: Le premier malade était un homme de 22 ans, victime d’un accident de la voie publique avec traumatisme crânio-cervical et présentant un tableau clinique d’hémisection de la moelle cervicale gauche. Le bilan scannographique a montré une fracture bilatérale des lames vertébrales de C2, une fracture du pédicule C2, un éclatement de l’apophyse transverse C2 et une luxation C2-C3. Ce patient était classé FRANKEL C. La deuxième patiente était âgée de 42 ans, victime d’un accident de la voie publique et présentait une tétraplégie sur fracture bilatérale de l’arc antérieur C1 avec rupture du ligament transverse. Elle était classée FRANKEL A. Les deux patients présentaient également une instabilité du rachis cervical supérieur et ont bénéficié d’une arthrodèse occipito-cervicale avec le cadre rectangulaire de LUQUE. Resultat: L’évolution immédiate après le traitement chirurgical a été favorable dans les deux cas.
Conclusion: L’arthrodèse occipito-cervicale avec le cadre de LUQUE reste un moyen efficace dans le traitement des fractures instables du rachis cervical supérieur. Le coût concurrentiel et la très bonne maniabilité font de l’implant un matériel de choix dans les pays en voie de développement.
ABSTRACT
Background: The goal of management of fractures of the upper cervical spine is to protect the neural axis, to maintain and conserve the spinal function. Given the large participation of this part of the spine in head movements, this management ought to conserve maximum mobility in the segments CO-C1, C1-C2 and C2-C3.
Objective: The authors had as main objective to evaluate the efficiency of occipito-cervical arthrodesis, with the use of LUQUE’S frame in the Douala General Hospital.
Methods: The first patient was a 22-year old man, who sustained a road-traffic accident, with cranio-cervical trauma and clinically presented with signs of hemi-section of the left side of the cervical portion of the spinal cord. A computerised tomographic scan of the spine revealed a bilateral vertebral lamina plate fracture of C2, a fracture of the pedicle of C2, a shattered transverse process of C2 with an associated C2-C3 dislocation. This patient was classified FRANKEL C. The second patient is a 42-year old lady who presented with post traumatic tetraplegia secondary to a bilateral fracture of the vertebral arc of C1, with an associated rupture of the transverse ligament. Both patients had an unstable superior cervical spine and were managed by occipito-cervical arthrodesis using LUQUE’S rectangular ring.
Results: Post operatively, both patients had a favourable outcome.
Concusion: Occipito-cervical arthrodesis with LUQUE’S ring remains an efficient method in the management of unstable fractures. The relatively low cost and easy usability makes this implant a material of choice in developing countries
Article Details
References
- ALTHOFF B. Fracture of the odontoid process. An experimental and clinical study. Acta Orthop Scand suppl 177: 1-95, 1979.
- ANDERSON P.A., HENLEY M.B., GRADY M.S., MONTESANO P.X., WINN H.R.,
- Posterior cervical arthrodesis with AO reconstruction plates an bone graft.
- Spine 16 (suppl): S72 – S79, 1991
- ARYAN Henry E., MD, C. NEWMAN Benjamin, MD, WNOTIMEIER Eric, MD, ACOSTA Frank L. JR M.D, Wang Vincent Y, MD, PhD , AND AMES
- Christopher. P..D.D
- Stabilization of atlantoaxial complex via C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle screw fixation in a multicenter clinical experience in 102 patients: modification of the harms and goel techniques. J.Neurosurg Spine 8:222_229, 2008
- BAILEY R.W., BAGLEY C.E.,
- Stabilization of the cervical spine by anterior fusion J Bone Joint Surg (AM) 42: 565-594, 1960
- BÖHLERJ.
- Anterior stabilization of acute fracture and non-unions of the dens.
- J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 64: 18, 1982
- BRIDWELL K.
- Treatment of markedly displaced Hangman’s fracture with a Luque rectangle and a posterior fusion in a 71-year-old man. Spine 11: 49-52, 1986
- CHIROSSEL J.P., PASSAGIA J.G. GOLNET G.
- Traumatismes vertébro-médullaires, neurochirurgie Edition marketing / ellipses, 1995, P 381 – 2
- CLOWARD R.B.
- Treatment of acute fractures ad fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine by ertebral-body fusion: a report of eleven cases.
- J. Neurosurg 18: 201-209, 1961
- COOPER P.R. Posterior stabilization of the cervical spine using Roy-Camille plates : a North . American experience. Trans Orthop 12: 43, 1988
- CYBULSKI G.R., STONE R.M., RIFAI M.H.., GANDHI Y., GLICK R;
- Use of artrhodesis. Neurosurgery 22: 429-431, 1988.
- ELLIS P.M., FINDLAY J.M.,
- Craniocervical fusion with contoured Luque rod and autogeneic bone graft
- Can J. surg. 37 : 50-54, 1994
- FIEDING J.W., HAWKINS R.J., RATZAN S.A.
- Spine fusion for atlanto-axial instability. J. Bone Joint Surg (Am) 58: 400-407, 1976
- GRANTHAM S.A., DICK H.M., THOMPSON R.C., STINCHFIEL F.C. Occipito-cervical arthrodesis. Clin Orthop 65: 118-129, 1969
- GROB D., DVORAK J., PANJABI M., FROEHLICH M., HAYEK J.
- Posterior occipitocervical fusion. A preliminary report of a new technique. Spine 16 (Suppl): S17-S24, 1991
- JEANERET B., MAGERL F., HALTERWARD E., WARD J.C.,
- Posterior stabilization of the cervical spine with hook plates. Spine 16 (Suppl): S56-S63, 1991
- JOHN R., VENDER M.D., ANDY J., REKITO M.S., STEVEN J; HARRRISON, M.S. AND DENNISE, MC DONNELL, M.D
- Evolution of posterior cervical,and occipito-cervical fusion and instrumentation.
- Neurosurg focus 16(1) article 9,2004.
- MACKENZIE A.I., UTTLEYD., MARSH H.T. ET AL
- CRANIOCERVICAL STABILIZATION USING Luque /Hart shill rectangles.
- Neurosurgery 26 : 32-36, 1990
- STOKES JOHN K., VILLAVICENCIO ALANT, Liu Paul C.,
- Bray Roberts, and Johnson J Patrick
- Posterior athlantoaxial stabilization: new alternative C1-C2 transarticular screws.Neurosurg focus 12(1) article 6, 2002.
References
ALTHOFF B. Fracture of the odontoid process. An experimental and clinical study. Acta Orthop Scand suppl 177: 1-95, 1979.
ANDERSON P.A., HENLEY M.B., GRADY M.S., MONTESANO P.X., WINN H.R.,
Posterior cervical arthrodesis with AO reconstruction plates an bone graft.
Spine 16 (suppl): S72 – S79, 1991
ARYAN Henry E., MD, C. NEWMAN Benjamin, MD, WNOTIMEIER Eric, MD, ACOSTA Frank L. JR M.D, Wang Vincent Y, MD, PhD , AND AMES
Christopher. P..D.D
Stabilization of atlantoaxial complex via C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle screw fixation in a multicenter clinical experience in 102 patients: modification of the harms and goel techniques. J.Neurosurg Spine 8:222_229, 2008
BAILEY R.W., BAGLEY C.E.,
Stabilization of the cervical spine by anterior fusion J Bone Joint Surg (AM) 42: 565-594, 1960
BÖHLERJ.
Anterior stabilization of acute fracture and non-unions of the dens.
J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 64: 18, 1982
BRIDWELL K.
Treatment of markedly displaced Hangman’s fracture with a Luque rectangle and a posterior fusion in a 71-year-old man. Spine 11: 49-52, 1986
CHIROSSEL J.P., PASSAGIA J.G. GOLNET G.
Traumatismes vertébro-médullaires, neurochirurgie Edition marketing / ellipses, 1995, P 381 – 2
CLOWARD R.B.
Treatment of acute fractures ad fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine by ertebral-body fusion: a report of eleven cases.
J. Neurosurg 18: 201-209, 1961
COOPER P.R. Posterior stabilization of the cervical spine using Roy-Camille plates : a North . American experience. Trans Orthop 12: 43, 1988
CYBULSKI G.R., STONE R.M., RIFAI M.H.., GANDHI Y., GLICK R;
Use of artrhodesis. Neurosurgery 22: 429-431, 1988.
ELLIS P.M., FINDLAY J.M.,
Craniocervical fusion with contoured Luque rod and autogeneic bone graft
Can J. surg. 37 : 50-54, 1994
FIEDING J.W., HAWKINS R.J., RATZAN S.A.
Spine fusion for atlanto-axial instability. J. Bone Joint Surg (Am) 58: 400-407, 1976
GRANTHAM S.A., DICK H.M., THOMPSON R.C., STINCHFIEL F.C. Occipito-cervical arthrodesis. Clin Orthop 65: 118-129, 1969
GROB D., DVORAK J., PANJABI M., FROEHLICH M., HAYEK J.
Posterior occipitocervical fusion. A preliminary report of a new technique. Spine 16 (Suppl): S17-S24, 1991
JEANERET B., MAGERL F., HALTERWARD E., WARD J.C.,
Posterior stabilization of the cervical spine with hook plates. Spine 16 (Suppl): S56-S63, 1991
JOHN R., VENDER M.D., ANDY J., REKITO M.S., STEVEN J; HARRRISON, M.S. AND DENNISE, MC DONNELL, M.D
Evolution of posterior cervical,and occipito-cervical fusion and instrumentation.
Neurosurg focus 16(1) article 9,2004.
MACKENZIE A.I., UTTLEYD., MARSH H.T. ET AL
CRANIOCERVICAL STABILIZATION USING Luque /Hart shill rectangles.
Neurosurgery 26 : 32-36, 1990
STOKES JOHN K., VILLAVICENCIO ALANT, Liu Paul C.,
Bray Roberts, and Johnson J Patrick
Posterior athlantoaxial stabilization: new alternative C1-C2 transarticular screws.Neurosurg focus 12(1) article 6, 2002.