Main Article Content

Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Objectif. Evaluer les activités du Programme National de Lutte contre le Cancer (PNLCa), en rapport avec l’élaboration de politiques saines et la création d'environnements favorables à la prévention et à la lutte contre la maladie au Cameroun. Population et méthodes. Une analyse des politiques de lutte contre le cancer mises en place de 2004 à 2019 a été menée au PNLCa, par l’approche d'évaluation qualitative mixte conformément à la Charte d'Ottawa de la promotion de la santé. Résultats Des politiques saines de lutte contre le cancer existent au Cameroun, mais leur mise en œuvre par le PNLCa est peu efficace. Aussi, le pays ne dispose ni d'une stratégie nationale de prévention du cancer intégrant des approches de promotion de la santé, ni de directives nationales coordonnées dans le cadre des Maladies Non Transmissibles (MNT) ou de plan de communication intégré sur les facteurs de risque modifiables de cancers et autres MNT. Toutefois, quelques activités importantes favorables à la prévention de la maladie ont été menées. Ainsi les activités de prévention sont axées sur le dépistage, sur l'évitement des facteurs de risque ou l'identification précoce des symptômes de la maladie. En outre, aucun plan de gestion précis reliant toute femme diagnostiquée avec des lésions précancéreuses à un traitement et un suivi rapide n’a été mis en place. Conclusion. Il est nécessaire de revoir d'inclure une stratégie efficace de prévention du cancer qui intègre les approches de promotion de la santé inscrites dans la charte d'Ottawa.
ABSTRACT
Objective. This study evaluated the activities of the National Cancer Control Program (NCCP) in creating healthy policies and supportive environments for cancer prevention and control in Cameroon. Population and Methods. A health policy analysis was conducted at the NCCP, using a mixed qualitative evaluation approach. Cancer control policies and health promotion events of the NCCP from 2004 - 2019 were evaluated with reference to the Ottawa Charter of health promotion. Results Several healthy policies for cancer control exist in Cameroon, but NCCP doesn’t contribute to the development and /or implementation of these policies. A few significant activities have been done by the NCCP in creating supportive environments for cancer prevention. However, Cameroon does not have an effective national strategy for cancer prevention that integrates health promotion approaches, with no coordinated national guidelines within the framework of Non communicable diseases (NCDs) and no Integrated Communication Plan on modifiable risk factors for cancers and other NCDs. As such preventive activities are focused on screening, with little or no awareness campaigns on risk factor avoidance (health enhancement and cessation education) or early identification of disease symptom, and with no clear management plan to link all women diagnosed with precancerous lesions to timely treatment and follow up. Conclusion. There is need to review policies of the NCCP in Cameroon, and to include an effective cancer prevention strategy which fully integrates health promotion approaches as enshrined in the Ottawa charter of health promotion.

Keywords

health policies cancer prevention Cameroon

Article Details

How to Cite
Suh Nchang, A., Mossus, T., Atenguena, E., Edo’o, D. V., Jim Nemy, H., Ndom, P., & Essi, M. (2021). Role of the National Cancer Control Program in Developing Healthy Policies and Creating Supportive Environments for Cancer Prevention in Cameroon (2004-2019). HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(7). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i7.2842

References

  1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, Parkin DM, Forman D, Bray F. Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base No. 11; Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2013.
  2. Sylla BS, Wild CP (2012). Cancer burden in Africa in 2030: Invest today and save tomorrow. J. Afr. Cancer 2012; 4:1-2.
  3. America Cancer Society. The burden of cancer in sub–Saharan Africa. IACR; 2019.
  4. World Health Organization (WHO). Cancer country profile, Cameroon. 2018.
  5. WHO.NCCP. 2002.
  6. WHO. NCCP. 2019
  7. WHO. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Geneva. 1986.
  8. Terris M. Concepts of health promotion: dualities in public health theory. J Pub Health Policy 1992; 13:267–76.
  9. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Introduction to program evaluation for public health programs: A self-study guide. Office of the Director, Office of Strategy, and Innovation Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011.
  10. Z-cancer Foundation, Cameroon. Cancer control plan. Overview of national cancer plan. Telephone interview of national cancer control program. 2006.
  11. Ministry of public health, Cameroon. The national strategic plan for cervical cancer control in Cameroon 2015-2020 (unpublished). 2015.
  12. Ministry of public health, Cameroon. National Strategic Plan for Prevention and Cancer Control 2020-2024. 2020.
  13. O’Leary Z. The essential guide to doing your research project (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA : SAGE Publications, Inc. 2014.
  14. Gostin LO. "Public Health, Ethics, and Human Rights: A Tribute to the Late Jonathan Mann». 2001.
  15. FMapa-Tassou C., Bonono C.R., Assah F., Ongolo-Zogo P., Sobngwi E., MbanyaJ.C.: Analysis of non-communicable diseases prevention policies in Africa (ANPPA): Cameroon Case Study. A Technical Research Report developed for theAfrican Population & Health Research Centre (APHRC). 2017.
  16. Simpson D: Cameroon-disappearing ads mark good start. Tob Control 2007;16: 295-296.
  17. WHO. Framework Convention on Tubacco Control (FCTC). Accessed 2019.
  18. Abenwie SN, Essi M-J, Edo'o V D, Hervé J N, and Ndom P. Role of health promotion in cancer control in Cameroon and its utilization by the National Cancer Control Program (NCCP), strategy from 2004 – 2019. IRJPEH 2021; 8 (1): 1-7.
  19. Ministry of Health (MoH), Zimbabwe. National Cancer prevention and Control strategy for Zimbabwe 2014- 2018. 2014.
  20. MoH, Suriname. National Cancer Control Plan for Suriname 2018-2028. 2014.
  21. Nyakabau AM. Priorities for cancer prevention and control in Zimbabwe. Regional initiatives. Cancer control. 2014.
  22. MoH, Kenya. National Cancer Control Strategy 2017– 2022. Nairobi. 2017
  23. The National Cancer Control Programme Slovenia 2017–2021. 2017.
  24. MoH, Nigeria. National cancer control plan (2018-2022). 2018.
  25. WHO. Guide to Introducing HPV Vaccine into National Immunization Programmes (draft). 2016.
  26. Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (Gavi)vaccination allowance. Kenya introduces cervical cancer vaccine nationally. Gavi/UNICEF/WHO. 2019.
  27. Centre for disease control and prevention (CDC). Guidelines and recommendations for Hepatitis B Vaccination of Adults. Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. 2019.
  28. Kisangau EN, Awour A, Juma B, Odhiambo D, Muasya T, Kiio SN, TOO R, Lother SA (2019). Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017. J Public Health (Oxf). 2019;41(4):765-771).

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2