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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To describe the prostatic and vesiculo-deferential lesions identified by ultrasound that may be the cause of masculine infertility in Cameroon.
METHODS
We conducted a descriptive cross sectional study in Yaounde between January and December 2012. Eligible patients were men who came for the management of masculine infertility. Clinical and biochemical tests were performed, along with transrectal prostate ultrasound. Recorded lesions were : cyst of the median zone of the prostate, dilation of the ejaculatory ducts greater than 2 mm, calcifications in the ejaculatory ducts, dilation of the seminal vesicles (antero-posterior diameter greater than 15 mm), hypoplasia or agenesis of the seminal vesicles (antero-posterior diameter less than 7 mm), agenesis of the vas deferens and calcification of the prostate.
RESULTS
The sample was made up of a total of 50 patients. The mean age was 37 years with the extremes being 25 and 60 years. Patients aged 31 to 40 years made up 32% of the sample. 35 patients (70%) had primary infertility. 16 patients (32%) had azoospermia and 1 (2%) had an oligozoospermia. Sonographic lesions were found in 64% of the patients with azoospermia and in 16% of patients in non azoospermic patients. Lesions were either acquired or congenital: 4 patients (8%) had vas deferens agenesis, 4 patients had calcifications in the ejaculatory ducts, 3 patients (6%) had a cyst in the middle zone of the prostate, 3 patients had seminal vesiculitis, 2 patients (4%) had agenesis of the ejaculatory ducts and 2 patients had an infection of the prostate. 14 patients (28%) had a normal rectal ultrasound.
CONCLUSION
Genital rectal ultrasound provides valuable information in the diagnosis and management of male infertility, especially in the case of azoospermia.
Article Details
References
- Boivin J, Bunting L, Collins JA, Nygren KG. International estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking: potential need and demand for infertility medical care. Hum Reprod. 2007; 22:1506–12.
- Ragab H Donkol. Imaging in male-factor obstructive infertility. World J Radiol. 2010 May 28; 2(5): 172–179.
- Engin G, Kadioğlu A, Orhan I, Akdöl S, Rozanes I. Transrectal US and endorectal MR imaging in partial and complete obstruction of the seminal duct system. A comparative study. Acta Radiol. 2000; 41(3):288-95.
- L Brunereau , F Fauchier, P Fernandez, G Blais, D Royere , L Pourcelot, P Rouleau F Tranquart. Évaluation échographique de l'infertilité masculine. JRadiol 2000; 81: 1693-1701
- Mboudou E, Fouda P, Atangana R et al. Lésions échographiques du scrotum et altérations biologiques associées à l’infertilité masculine à Yaoundé. J Afr Imag Med 2006; (2), 3:181-186.
- Goullet E, Rigot JM ; Blois N et al. Intérêt de l’échographie scrotale systématique dans la prise en charge de l’homme infertile : étude prospective de 609 cas. Progrès en Urologie(2000), 10,78-82.
- Rémi D, Anne F et al. Malformations des organes génitaux internes masculins issus du canal mésonéphrotique de Wolff. Progrès en Urologie(2001), 11,733-740.
- Charney C.W., Gillenwatter J.Y. : Congenital absence of the vas deferens. J. Urol., 1964, 93, 399-401.
- Amelar R.D., Dubin L., Schoenfeld C. Circulating spermagglutinating antibodies in azoospermic men with congenital bilateral absence of the vasa deferentia. Fertil. Steril., 1975, 26, 228-231.
- Ardaens Y, Cornud F. Imagerie et infertilité du couple. Masson, édit., Paris, 1998.
References
Boivin J, Bunting L, Collins JA, Nygren KG. International estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking: potential need and demand for infertility medical care. Hum Reprod. 2007; 22:1506–12.
Ragab H Donkol. Imaging in male-factor obstructive infertility. World J Radiol. 2010 May 28; 2(5): 172–179.
Engin G, Kadioğlu A, Orhan I, Akdöl S, Rozanes I. Transrectal US and endorectal MR imaging in partial and complete obstruction of the seminal duct system. A comparative study. Acta Radiol. 2000; 41(3):288-95.
L Brunereau , F Fauchier, P Fernandez, G Blais, D Royere , L Pourcelot, P Rouleau F Tranquart. Évaluation échographique de l'infertilité masculine. JRadiol 2000; 81: 1693-1701
Mboudou E, Fouda P, Atangana R et al. Lésions échographiques du scrotum et altérations biologiques associées à l’infertilité masculine à Yaoundé. J Afr Imag Med 2006; (2), 3:181-186.
Goullet E, Rigot JM ; Blois N et al. Intérêt de l’échographie scrotale systématique dans la prise en charge de l’homme infertile : étude prospective de 609 cas. Progrès en Urologie(2000), 10,78-82.
Rémi D, Anne F et al. Malformations des organes génitaux internes masculins issus du canal mésonéphrotique de Wolff. Progrès en Urologie(2001), 11,733-740.
Charney C.W., Gillenwatter J.Y. : Congenital absence of the vas deferens. J. Urol., 1964, 93, 399-401.
Amelar R.D., Dubin L., Schoenfeld C. Circulating spermagglutinating antibodies in azoospermic men with congenital bilateral absence of the vasa deferentia. Fertil. Steril., 1975, 26, 228-231.
Ardaens Y, Cornud F. Imagerie et infertilité du couple. Masson, édit., Paris, 1998.