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ABSTRACT
Introduction. Following communication and awareness actions related to COVID-19, we assessed the knowledge and practices about COVID-19 in Benin. Methods. A case-control survey was conducted from 14 September to 20 October 2020 in Benin. Questions relating to knowledge and practices on COVID-19 were collected through a questionnaire survey. A total of 312 respondents (104 cases and 208 controls) were included in the study. Logistic regression and Spearman correlation tests were used to examine the relation between participants knowledge and practice at a 5% significance level. Results. From the survey, 65.4% of cases and 68.3% of controls knew about COVID-19 transmission via air droplets. Most of the cases (67.31%) and control (79.81%) participants reported cough as a symptom of COVID-19. Handwashing with soap and water was the most protective measure known by 87.5% of cases and 90.87% of controls. Concerning practice, the cloth mask was the type mostly worn by cases (54.81%) and controls (58.65%). Wearing a face mask in public areas was significantly associated with the COVID-19 health status of respondents (OR = 2.98, CI95% [1.16-7.67]; p = 0.022). Furthermore, a significantly positive correlation exists between knowledge of the COVID-19 protective measures and hand hygiene practices when leaving a public place (r = 0.184, p=0.001). Conclusion. Through this study, we observed some discrepancies between the knowledge and practices related to COVID-19 among cases and controls surveyed. Therefore, efforts should be directed toward raising awareness about the disease to improve their knowledge and practices.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Suite aux actions de communication et de sensibilisation liées à la COVID-19, nous avons évalué les connaissances et les pratiques sur la COVID-19 au Bénin. Méthodes. Une enquête cas-témoins a été menée du 14 septembre au 20 octobre 2020 au Bénin. Les questions relatives aux connaissances et aux pratiques sur la COVID-19 ont été recueillies par le biais d'une enquête par questionnaire. Un total de 312 répondants (104 cas et 208 témoins) ont été inclus dans l'étude. La régression logistique et le test de corrélation de Spearman ont été utilisés pour examiner la relation entre les connaissances et les pratiques des participants à un niveau de signification de 5%. Résultats. D'après l'enquête, 65,4% des cas et 68,3% des témoins connaissaient la transmission du COVID-19 par les gouttelettes d'air. La plupart des cas (67,31%) et des témoins (79,81%) ont déclaré que la toux était un symptôme de la COVID-19. Le lavage des mains à l'eau et au savon était la mesure de protection la plus connue par 87,5% des cas et 90,87% des témoins. Concernant les pratiques, le masque en tissu était le type le plus porté par les cas (54,81%) et les témoins (58,65%). Le port d'un masque facial dans les lieux publics était significativement associé à l'état de santé COVID-19 des répondants (OR = 2,98, IC95% [1,16-7,67] ; p = 0,022). De plus, une corrélation significativement positive existe entre la connaissance des mesures de protection contre la COVID-19 et les pratiques d'hygiène des mains à la sortie d'un lieu public (r = 0,184, p=0,001). Conclusion. A travers cette étude, nous avons observé certaines divergences entre les connaissances et les pratiques liées à la COVID-19 chez les cas et les témoins interrogés. Par conséquent, les efforts devraient être orientés vers la sensibilisation à la maladie afin d'améliorer leurs connaissances et leurs pratiques.

Keywords

Benin COVID-19 Case-Control Knowledge Practices Bénin COVID-19 Cas-Témoins Connaissances Pratiques

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Nonvignon Marius Kêdoté, Aymeric Joaquin Darboux, Sonagnon Claude-Gervais Assogba, Roch Houngnihin, Ange Dossou, Essé Agossou, Luc Salako Djogbénou, Fatou Bintou Sarr, & Jacques François Mavoungou. (2022). Knowledge and Practices toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures and Symptoms: A Case-Control Study in Benin. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i1.4139
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