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ABSTRACT 
Introduction. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a major burden of cancer. Knowledge and optimal control of CINV are key factors for better clinical outcomes. Our objectives are to report the prevalence of CINV, to determine the risk factors and to describe their management. Patients and methods. This was a three-month descriptive study from 18 October 2018 to 18 January 2019 in the oncology department of the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. The study involved cancer patients treated with moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Results. One hundred and thirty-eight patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 50.73 years (± 12.4) with extremes of 18 and 82 years and the sex ratio was 0.21. Breast cancer was in the majority (59.42%). The chemotherapy was highly emetogenic in 67.39% of cases. The prevalence of CINV was 50.72% with a high proportion in the delayed phase. Nausea was associated with vomiting in 52.86% of cases. Female gender and low alcohol consumption were associated with CINV. The combination of odansetron and dexamethasone was used in 92.75% of cases, followed by granisetron and dexamethasone (7.25%). Conclusion. Patients were far from being well prepared for chemotherapy. This alarming result reflects our difficulty in adopting the recommendations in the antiemetic guidelines. Access to new antiemetics should be prioritised in low-income countries.
 
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les nausées et vomissements induits par la chimiothérapie (NVIC) constituent un fardeau majeur du cancer. La connaissance et le contrôle optimal des NVIC sont des facteurs clés pour de meilleurs résultats cliniques. Nos objectifs sont de rapporter la prévalence des NVIC, de déterminer les facteurs de risque et de décrire leur prise en charge. Patients et méthodes. Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive de trois mois du 18 octobre 2018 au 18 janvier 2019 dans le service d'oncologie de l’hôpital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona à Antananarivo, la capitale de Madagascar. L’étude a concerné des patients cancéreux traités par une chimiothérapie modérément ou fortement émétisante. Résultats. Cent trente-huit patients ont été inclus. L’âge moyen des patients était de 50,73 ans (± 12,4) avec des extrêmes de 18 et 82 ans et le sex-ratio était de 0,21. Le cancer du sein était majoritaire (59,42%). La chimiothérapie était hautement émétogène dans 67,39% des cas. La prévalence des NVIC était de 50,72% avec une forte proportion en phase retardée. Les nausées étaient associées à des vomissements dans 52,86% des cas. Le sexe féminin et une faible consommation d'alcool étaient associés aux NVIC. L’association de l’odansétron et de la dexaméthasone a été utilisée dans 92,75% des cas, suivie du granisétron et de la dexaméthasone (7,25%). Conclusion. Les patients étaient loin d’être bien préparés à la chimiothérapie. Ce résultat alarmant reflète notre difficulté à adopter les recommandations des guides antiémétiques. L’accès aux nouveaux antiémétiques devrait être une priorité dans les pays à faible revenu.

Keywords

Cancer, Chemotherapy, Nausea and vomiting, Side effects Cancer, Chimiothérapie, Nausées et vomissements, Effets secondaires,

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Author Biographies

Ny Ony Tiana Florence Andrianandrasana, Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Rova Malala Fandresena Randrianarisoa, Department of Internal Medicine, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Department of Internal Medicine, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Tendriniaina Jean Baptiste Norohery, Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Hanta Marie Danielle Vololontiana, Department of Internal Medicine, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Department of Internal Medicine, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Florine Rafaramino, Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Oncology Department, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

How to Cite
Andrianandrasana, N. O. T. F. ., Randrianarisoa, R. M. F., Norohery, T. J. B., Vololontiana, H. M. D., & Rafaramino, F. (2023). Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Situation in Madagascar. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i4.4373
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