Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction. To ensure the effectiveness of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) policies in Cameroon, every individual should have a strong knowledge of their health-care rights and the system that guarantees it. We aimed to determine the knowledge and perceptions of universal health coverage among health care professionals that graduated from Baptist School of Public Health (BSPH) South West Region, Cameroon. Methodology. A cross-sectional survey was developed with 12 questionnaires measuring knowledge and 8 questionnaires evaluating perception and distributed through google sheets via E-mail with a consecutive convenience sampling method to achieve the required calculated sample size from March–April of 2020. Results. There were 110 respondents. Over 95% agreed that UHC implies that all individuals and communities have access to the full range of quality health services. Over 91% agreed that UHC protects against high out-of-pocket expenditures through the extension of progressive pre-paid pooled funds, which reduce or eliminate the financial risk associated with health costs. On the Perceptions of UHC, 63% and 6% strongly agreed and strongly disagreed respectively that UHC is the best way to ensure access to good quality and affordable health care to all. Also, 60% and 5% Strongly agreed and strongly disagreed respectively that UHC includes the full spectrum of essential, quality health services, while 16% and 7% strongly agreed and strongly disagreed respectively that UHC means people contribute to the cost of their health care through health insurance. Conclusion. There is a high knowledge level and positive perceptions towards UHC but with low and incorrect knowledge and perceptions on the definition and concepts of UHC.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Pour assurer l'efficacité des politiques de couverture sanitaire universelle (CSU) au Cameroun, chaque individu doit avoir une bonne connaissance de ses droits en matière de soins de santé et du système qui les garantit. Nous avons cherché à déterminer les connaissances et les perceptions de la couverture sanitaire universelle chez les professionnels de santé diplômés de l'Ecole Baptiste de Santé Publique (EBSP) de la région du Sud-Ouest, au Cameroun. Méthodologie. Une enquête transversale a été élaborée avec 12 questionnaires mesurant les connaissances et 8 questionnaires évaluant la perception et distribuée via google sheets par courrier électronique avec une méthode d'échantillonnage de commodité consécutive pour atteindre la taille d'échantillon calculée requise de mars à avril 2020. Résultats. 110 personnes ont répondu à l'enquête. Plus de 95 % des répondants sont d'accord pour dire que la CMU implique que tous les individus et toutes les communautés aient accès à une gamme complète de services de santé de qualité. Plus de 91 % des personnes interrogées estiment que la CMU protège contre les dépenses personnelles élevées grâce à l'extension des fonds communs prépayés progressifs, qui réduisent ou éliminent le risque financier associé aux coûts de la santé. En ce qui concerne la perception de la CMU, 63 % et 6 % des personnes interrogées sont respectivement tout à fait d'accord et tout à fait en désaccord avec l'affirmation selon laquelle la CMU est le meilleur moyen d'assurer l'accès de tous à des soins de santé de bonne qualité et abordables. En outre, 60 % et 5 % respectivement sont tout à fait d'accord et tout à fait en désaccord avec l'idée que la CSU inclut l'ensemble des services de santé essentiels et de qualité, tandis que 16 % et 7 % respectivement sont tout à fait d'accord et tout à fait en désaccord avec l'idée que la CSU signifie que les gens contribuent au coût de leurs soins de santé par le biais de l'assurance maladie. Conclusion. Le niveau de connaissance et les perceptions positives à l'égard de la CSU sont élevés, mais les connaissances et les perceptions sur la définition et les concepts de la CSU sont faibles et incorrectes.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
- - J Health Financing Cameroon. (2023). https://fr.statista.com/outlook/co/health-indicators/health-financing/cameroon. Accessed 24/10/23.
- - Cameroon(2022)Update on the state of implementation of the Abuja Declaration www.africanconstituency.org/cameroon-update-on-the-state-of-implementation-of-the-abuja-declaration
- - Nkafu Policy Institute,( 2023). Catalyzing Africa’s Economic Transformation https://nkafu.org/ Accessed 24/10/23
- - Okoroh et al. Challenges in healthcare financing for surgery in sub-Saharan Africa Pan Afr Med J(2021). Accessed 24/10/23.
- - Centers for disease Control and Prevention. Infant Mortality. https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/infantmortality. Acc. 26/10/23.
- - Cameroon Maternal Mortality Rate. (MMRT) https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/CMR/cameroon/maternal-mortality-rate Acc 25/10/23.
- - Coovadia, H., Jewkes, R., Barron, P., Sanders, D., & McIntyre, D. (2009). The health and health system of South Africa: historical roots of current public health challenges. Lancet (London, England), 374(9692), 817–834.
- - UHC2030. SDG Indicator 3.8.1: Measure What Matters. 2020 (cited 2021 Mar 20). Available from: https://www.uhc2030.org/blog-newsevents/uhc2030-news/sdg-indicator-3-8-1.
- - World Health Organization. (2023). Tracking Universal Health Coverage. https://www.who.int/en/publications.
- - Christine M. Couverture santé universelle : le chantier est ouvert. Cameroun Tribune.2020. https://www.cameroontribune.cm/article.html/36491/fr.html/couverturesante-universelle-l
- - SPARC (2021)Strategic Health Purchasing in Cameroon. Multiple Fragmented Schemes and Opportunities For Alignment in the Universal Health Coverage Context.
- - Kibe P,(2020) A Clarion Call to Care for Africa’s Nurses and Midwives.
- - Tandi, TE., Cho Y., Akam AJ, Afoh CO, Ryu SH, Choi MS, Kim KH, Choi JW(2015)Cameroon public health sector: shortage and inequalities in geographic distribution of health personnel International Journal Equity Health. 14: 43.
- - .Anand S, Bärnighausen T. Health workers at the core of the health system: framework and research issues Health Policy 2012; 105: 185-91.
- - WHO Key facts on UHC(2022) https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/universal-health-coverage-(uhc).
- - Govender N.; Mahomed O;(2017)Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of the National Health Insurance Amongst Health Workers in Ugu District, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa in 2017 The open Public health Journal Volume: 13.
- - Mulupi, S., Kirigia D, Chuma J(2013)Community perceptions of health insurance and their preferred design features: implications for the design of universal health coverage reforms in Kenya BMC Health Services Research volume 13.
- - Adanze Nge C,, Bulent K., (2022)Management of Universal Health Coverage in Cameroon Journal of Basic Clinical Health Science 2022; 6: 673-681.
- - Alkodaymi, M S., Shaar BA, Fawzy, N A., Alhabbbash, R., Senjab, A., AlSaou R.,(2022 Knowledge, perception, and attitudes of Universal Health Coverage policies among Alfaisal University students in Saudi Arabia Educ Health Promot. 2020; 9: 348. online Dec 29.
- - Grant ET., Araujo EC., Herbst C., Pannenborg O(2017) Transforming Health Workers’ Education for Universal Health Coverage: Global Challenges and Recommendations. https://www.longwoods.com/content/25304/transforming-health-workers-education-for-universal-health-coverage-global-chall.
- - 21. Sina KN(20243Universal Health Coverage : Parliamentarians at the Heart of Implementation Phase. https://www.crtv.cm/2023/06/universal-health-coverage.
- - Tung FLN; Yan VCM; Tai WL; Chen JH; Chung JW; Wong TKS(2016)Nurses’ knowledge of universal health coverage for inclusive and sustainable elderly care services Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 2016;24.
- - Nde CJ., Raymond A., Saidu Y., Cheng N I., Nzuobontane D., Atemnkeng JT., Mbacham WF(2019)Reaching Universal Health Coverage by 2035: Is Cameroon on Track? Universal Journal of Public Health 7(3): 110-117, 2019 http://www.hrpub.org
- - Dembélé SB, Samake, M, Dianessy Y, Dembélé, SK, Kone, E, Doumbia L, Poda G, Guiré A(2023) Evaluation of the Satisfaction of Beneficiaries of Compulsory Health Insurance at the Commune IV District Hospital in Bamako, Mali. Health Science and Disease Journal of medicine and Biomedical sciences
References
- J Health Financing Cameroon. (2023). https://fr.statista.com/outlook/co/health-indicators/health-financing/cameroon. Accessed 24/10/23.
- Cameroon(2022)Update on the state of implementation of the Abuja Declaration www.africanconstituency.org/cameroon-update-on-the-state-of-implementation-of-the-abuja-declaration
- Nkafu Policy Institute,( 2023). Catalyzing Africa’s Economic Transformation https://nkafu.org/ Accessed 24/10/23
- Okoroh et al. Challenges in healthcare financing for surgery in sub-Saharan Africa Pan Afr Med J(2021). Accessed 24/10/23.
- Centers for disease Control and Prevention. Infant Mortality. https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/infantmortality. Acc. 26/10/23.
- Cameroon Maternal Mortality Rate. (MMRT) https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/CMR/cameroon/maternal-mortality-rate Acc 25/10/23.
- Coovadia, H., Jewkes, R., Barron, P., Sanders, D., & McIntyre, D. (2009). The health and health system of South Africa: historical roots of current public health challenges. Lancet (London, England), 374(9692), 817–834.
- UHC2030. SDG Indicator 3.8.1: Measure What Matters. 2020 (cited 2021 Mar 20). Available from: https://www.uhc2030.org/blog-newsevents/uhc2030-news/sdg-indicator-3-8-1.
- World Health Organization. (2023). Tracking Universal Health Coverage. https://www.who.int/en/publications.
- Christine M. Couverture santé universelle : le chantier est ouvert. Cameroun Tribune.2020. https://www.cameroontribune.cm/article.html/36491/fr.html/couverturesante-universelle-l
- SPARC (2021)Strategic Health Purchasing in Cameroon. Multiple Fragmented Schemes and Opportunities For Alignment in the Universal Health Coverage Context.
- Kibe P,(2020) A Clarion Call to Care for Africa’s Nurses and Midwives.
- Tandi, TE., Cho Y., Akam AJ, Afoh CO, Ryu SH, Choi MS, Kim KH, Choi JW(2015)Cameroon public health sector: shortage and inequalities in geographic distribution of health personnel International Journal Equity Health. 14: 43.
- .Anand S, Bärnighausen T. Health workers at the core of the health system: framework and research issues Health Policy 2012; 105: 185-91.
- WHO Key facts on UHC(2022) https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/universal-health-coverage-(uhc).
- Govender N.; Mahomed O;(2017)Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of the National Health Insurance Amongst Health Workers in Ugu District, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa in 2017 The open Public health Journal Volume: 13.
- Mulupi, S., Kirigia D, Chuma J(2013)Community perceptions of health insurance and their preferred design features: implications for the design of universal health coverage reforms in Kenya BMC Health Services Research volume 13.
- Adanze Nge C,, Bulent K., (2022)Management of Universal Health Coverage in Cameroon Journal of Basic Clinical Health Science 2022; 6: 673-681.
- Alkodaymi, M S., Shaar BA, Fawzy, N A., Alhabbbash, R., Senjab, A., AlSaou R.,(2022 Knowledge, perception, and attitudes of Universal Health Coverage policies among Alfaisal University students in Saudi Arabia Educ Health Promot. 2020; 9: 348. online Dec 29.
- Grant ET., Araujo EC., Herbst C., Pannenborg O(2017) Transforming Health Workers’ Education for Universal Health Coverage: Global Challenges and Recommendations. https://www.longwoods.com/content/25304/transforming-health-workers-education-for-universal-health-coverage-global-chall.
- 21. Sina KN(20243Universal Health Coverage : Parliamentarians at the Heart of Implementation Phase. https://www.crtv.cm/2023/06/universal-health-coverage.
- Tung FLN; Yan VCM; Tai WL; Chen JH; Chung JW; Wong TKS(2016)Nurses’ knowledge of universal health coverage for inclusive and sustainable elderly care services Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 2016;24.
- Nde CJ., Raymond A., Saidu Y., Cheng N I., Nzuobontane D., Atemnkeng JT., Mbacham WF(2019)Reaching Universal Health Coverage by 2035: Is Cameroon on Track? Universal Journal of Public Health 7(3): 110-117, 2019 http://www.hrpub.org
- Dembélé SB, Samake, M, Dianessy Y, Dembélé, SK, Kone, E, Doumbia L, Poda G, Guiré A(2023) Evaluation of the Satisfaction of Beneficiaries of Compulsory Health Insurance at the Commune IV District Hospital in Bamako, Mali. Health Science and Disease Journal of medicine and Biomedical sciences