Séroprévalence des IgG Anti-Rubella sp et Facteurs de Risque Associés Chez la Femme Enceinte à l’Hôpital Mère et Enfant, et l’Hôpital de l’Union, N’Djamena/Tchad
Anti-Rubella sp IgG Seroprevalence of and Associated Risk Factors in Pregnant Women at the Mother and Child Hospital and the Union Hospital, N'Djamena/Chad
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i6.5742Mots-clés :
séroprévalence, ELISA, Femme enceinte, Rubella sp, Facteurs de risque, TchadRésumé
RÉSUMÉ
Contexte. Rubella sp est un agent pathogène tératogène, responsable de 2 à 3% des malformations congénitales chez les fœtus de mères infectées. Cette étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la séroprévalence de la rubéole, ainsi que les facteurs associés chez les femmes venues en consultation prénatale à l’Hôpital de l’Union et l’Hôpital Mère et Enfant de N’Djaména. Méthodes. C’était une étude transversale sur 3 mois. Après administration d’un questionnaire, un échantillon sanguin a été obtenu de chaque participante, puis analysé à l’aide du kit ELISA IgG RUB pour la recherche des anticorps IgG spécifiques. L’analyse statistique a été réalisée à l’aide du logiciel Microsoft Excel 2021, SPSS v25 et Past3. Les valeurs de p<0,05 et l’OR>1 étaient statistiquement significatifs à IC 95%. Résultats. La séroprévalence des IgG anti-Rubella obtenue était de 85,5%. Les facteurs de risques associés à la rubéole étaient : l’âge (p= 0,000068), le lieu de résidence (OR= 1,1574 ; IC : [0,3446 ; 3,887]), le niveau d’étude (p=0,0079), la profession (p=0,000086), l’âge gestationnel (p=0,00802), le statut matrimonial (OR= 3,125 ; IC : [0,2626 ; 37,19]) et la non-connaissance de la rubéole (OR=1,1613 ; IC : [0,1151 ; 11,72]). Conclusion. Il en ressort que le virus de la rubéole circule très activement au Tchad et sa transmission est associée à divers facteurs de risque.
ABSTRACT
Background. Rubella sp is a teratogenic pathogen, responsible of 2 to 3% of birth defects in infected mother’s fetuses. The study aim was to determine the seroprevalence of rubella, as well as the associated factors in women who came to prenatal consultation at the Union Hospital and at the Mother and Child Hospital of N'Djaména. Methods. It was a cross-sectional study over 3 months. After administering a questionnaire, a blood sample was obtained from each participant and analyzed using the IgG RUB ELISA kit for specific IgG antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2021, SPSS v25 and Past3 software. The p<0.05 and OR>1 values were statistically significant at 95% CI. Results. Seroprevalence of anti-Rubella IgG was 85.5%. Risk factors associated with rubella were: age (p = 0.000068), place of residence (OR = 1.1574; CI: [0.3446; 3.887]), level of education (p = 0.0079), occupation (p = 0.000086), gestational age (p = 0.00802), marital status (OR = 3.125; CI: [0.2626; 37.19] and the lack of rubella (OR=1,1613; IC: [0,1151; 11,72]). Conclusion. It appears that the rubella virus circulates very actively in Chad and its transmission is associated with various risk factors.
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(c) Tous droits réservés Njiki Bikoï Jacky, Makemgue Louise Stéphanie, Touangnou Chamda Sabine Aimée, Limane Adjobma Basile, Togyedji Djoyalbaye, Alladoum Kadounia Jean-Jacques, Djangbeye Loumadou, Bakna Michael, Ngo Um Meka Esther 2024
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