Profil Lipoprotéique et Risque Athérogène chez les Drépanocytaires Majeurs au CHU de Cocody
Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Risk of Major Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Abidjan
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i8.5939Mots-clés :
Drépanocytose, lipides, CRP, Risque athérogène, CocodyRésumé
RESUME
Introduction. Les formes majeures de drépanocytose sont une source de perturbation des paramètres lipidiques. Cette perturbation est impliquée dans l’apparition de nombreuses maladies cardiovasculaires telles que les accidents vasculaires cérébraux. Cette étude avait pour but d’établir la relation entre les formes majeures de la drépanocytaire, le risque athérogène et l’état inflammatoire des sujets. Méthodologie. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale à visé analytique qui s’est déroulée dans les services d’hématologie du CHU de Cocody et dans le laboratoire de biochimie de l’UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan portant sur les sujets drépanocytaires majeurs et de sujets apparemment sains admis au CHU de Cocody pendant la période de l’étude. Résultats. Nous avons recruté un total de 57 sujets drépanocytaires (SS, SC, Sβ0,Sβ+) et 44 sujets apparemment sains sur la base d’une électrophorèse de l’hémoglobine. L’âge moyen des sujets drépanocytaires était de 17,77 ans avec des extrêmes de 2 et 67 ans. On notait une prédominance féminine avec un sex- ratio de 1,48. Les cholestérolémies totales moyennes des drépanocytaires SS et SC étaient plus faibles comparativement à celles des drépanocytaires Sβ0, Sβ+ et de la population témoin avec une différence statistiquement significative (p= 0,0031). Les triglycéridémies moyennes des drépanocytaires (SS et SC) étaient plus basses en comparaison à celles des témoins et des drépanocytaires Sβ0 et Sβ+. Les valeurs moyennes de l’indice d’athérogénicité des sujets drépanocytaires étaient élevées que chez les témoins avec une différence statistiquement significative (p = 0,001). les drépanocytaires avaient des concentrations de CRP significativement plus élevée avec p = 0,0015. Conclusion. Chez les sujets drépanocytaires, les valeurs augmentées de l’indice d’athérogénicité, des triglycérides, de la CRP et la baisse de la concentration du cholestérol HDL expliqueraient un risque athérogène plus élevé. Il est important d’introduire le bilan lipidique dans le suivi du patient drépanocytaire.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. The major forms of sickle cell disease are a source of disruption to lipid parameters. This disruption is implicated in the development of many cardiovascular diseases such as strokes. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between the major forms of sickle cell disease, atherogenic risk, and the inflammatory state of subjects. Methodology. This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the hematology departments of the Cocody University Hospital and the biochemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Abidjan, focusing on major sickle cell subjects and apparently healthy subjects admitted to the Cocody University Hospital during the study period. Results. A total of 57 sickle cell subjects (SS, SC, Sβ0, Sβ+) and 44 apparently healthy subjects were recruited based on hemoglobin electrophoresis. The average age of sickle cell subjects was 17.77 years with a range of 2 to 67 years. There was a female predominance with a sex ratio of 1.48. The mean total cholesterol levels of SS and SC sickle cell subjects were lower compared to those of Sβ0, Sβ+ sickle cell subjects and the control population with a statistically significant difference (p=0.0031). The mean triglyceride levels of sickle cell subjects (SS and SC) were lower compared to controls and Sβ0 and Sβ+ sickle cell subjects. The mean atherogenicity index values of sickle cell subjects were higher than in controls with a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). Sickle cell subjects had significantly higher CRP concentrations with p=0.0015. Conclusion. In sickle cell subjects, increased values of the atherogenicity index, triglycerides, CRP, and decreased HDL cholesterol levels would explain a higher atherogenic risk. It is important to include lipid profile assessment in the treatmentent of sickle cell disease.
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