Les Cellulites Orbitaires et Périorbitaires de l’Enfant à Libreville : Aspects Cliniques, Thérapeutiques et Évolutifs
Orbital and Periorbital Cellulitis in Children in Libreville: Clinical Features, Management and Outcome
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i11.6165Mots-clés :
Cellulite, Enfant,, Traitement, CHUMEFJE, LibrevilleRésumé
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les cellulites périorbitaires et orbitaires sont des infections cutanées qui touchent l’enfant de tout âge. Méthodologie. Nous avons inclus les dossiers médicaux complets des patients hospitalisés pour cellulite faciale durant la période de l’étude. Les paramètres étudiés étaient les données démographiques, les signes cliniques et radiologiques, le traitement et l’évolution. Résultats. Dans notre série de 7 enfants (5 garçons et 2 filles), les symptômes associaient une fièvre, une douleur, un œdème de la paupière et une exophtalmie. La porte d’entrée était ORL chez tous les patients. Le diagnostic combinait l'anamnèse, l'examen clinique et la TDM qui a par ailleurs une thrombophlébite chez un patient, un empyème chez un patient et un abcès orbitaire chez un patient. La localisation pré septale était retrouvée chez 5 patients. Le traitement a été essentiellement médical par les antibiotiques et le drainage chirurgical a été réalisé chez un patient. L’évolution a été favorable chez tous nos patients avec un retour à domicile entre le 10ème et le 30ème jour. Conclusion. Les cellulites orbitaires et périorbitaires chez l’enfant sont certes rares mais elles restent des urgences dans la pathologie orbitaire, nécessitant un diagnostic précoce et une prise en charge urgente et multidisciplinaire. La rapidité diagnostique et thérapeutique dans notre étude a permis une guérison rapide sans séquelle.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are skin infections that can affect children of all ages. Methodology. We included the complete medical records of patients hospitalized for facial cellulitis during the study period. Our data of interest included demographic data, clinical and radiological signs, treatment, and outcome. Results. In our cohort of 7 children (5 boys and 2 girls), the symptoms included fever, pain, eyelid swelling, and exophthalmos. The entry point was ENT-related in all patients. Diagnosis was based on medical history, clinical examination and CT scans, which revealed thrombophlebitis in one patient, empyema in another, and an orbital abscess in one patient. The preseptal location was found in five patients. Treatment was essentially medical with antibiotics, and surgical drainage was performed in one case. All patients had favorable outcomes, with discharge occurring between the 10th and 30th day. Conclusion. Orbital and periorbital cellulitis in children is rare but constitutes an emergency in orbital pathology, necessitating early diagnosis and urgent and multidisciplinary management. The prompt diagnostic and therapeutic approach in our study allowed for rapid recovery without sequelae.
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(c) Tous droits réservés Midili Tècle Larissa, Lembet Mikolo AM, Mekame Méyé AEP, Mintsa-Mi-Nkama ELJ, Mabery Grodet A, Kiba L, Koumba Maniaga R, Mba Aki T, Kuissi Kamgaing E, Ategbo S 2024
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