Association entre les Niveaux de Ferritine Sérique et le Contrôle Glycémique chez les Patients Atteints de Diabète Sucré dans la Région du Sud-Ouest du Cameroun
Association Between Serum Ferritin Levels and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients of the South West Region of Cameroon
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i12.6233Mots-clés :
Diabète, Ferritine, FPG, Contrôle glycémique, HbA1c, Buea, CamerounRésumé
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Cameroon, few studies have attempted to evaluate the link between, insulin resistance, glycemic control, diabetic complications and hyperferritinemia. The objective of our study was to determine the relationship between serum ferritin levels and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Buea, Cameroon.
Methodology. This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted at the Buea Regional Hospital from January to June, 2022. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. About 5mls of blood were collected by venepuncture into EDTA and plain tubes for HbA1c and ferritin measurement respectively. Results. We registered 84 T2DM patients , most of them, were females (79.7%). Serum ferritin levels were high in 59.5% of our patients. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7) was found in 64.3% of our participants. Participants aged 61-70 years were three times more likely to have hyperferritinaemia (cOR =3.3, 95%, CI 0.5-3.5, p=0.001) compared to those aged 41-50 years. The mean serum ferritin level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with poor glycemic control was higher than that of patients with good glycemic control (416.1±55 ng/ml vs 268±85 ng/ml, p=0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between serum ferritin and fasting plasma glucose (r=0.348, p=0.001). Serum ferritin also showed a significant correlation with HbA1c in females (r= 0.150, p =0.03). Conclusion. Serum ferritin level is higher in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control and associated to age. Serum ferritin levels positively correlate with HbA1c and FPG levels.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Au Cameroun, peu d'études ont tenté d'évaluer le lien entre la résistance à l'insuline, le contrôle glycémique, les complications diabétiques et l'hyperferritinémie. L'objectif de notre étude était de déterminer la relation entre les niveaux de ferritine sérique et le contrôle glycémique chez les patients atteints de diabète sucré de type 2 (DT2) à Buea, au Cameroun. Méthodologie. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale réalisée à l'hôpital régional de Buea de janvier à juin 2022. Les données sociodémographiques ont été recueillies à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré. Environ 5 ml de sang ont été prélevés par ponction veineuse dans des tubes EDTA et des tubes ordinaires pour mesurer respectivement l'HbA1c et la ferritine. Résultats. Nous avons enregistré 84 patients atteints de DT2, la plupart d'entre eux étant des femmes (79,7 %). Le taux de ferritine sérique était élevé chez 59,5 % de nos patients. Un mauvais contrôle glycémique (HbA1c >7) a été trouvé chez 64,3% de nos participants. Les participants âgés de 61 à 70 ans étaient trois fois plus susceptibles de souffrir de (cOR =3.3, 95%, CI 0.5-3.5, p=0.001) par rapport à ceux âgés de 41 à 50 ans. Le taux moyen de ferritine sérique chez les patients atteints de diabète de type 2 avec un mauvais contrôle glycémique était plus élevé que chez les patients avec un bon contrôle glycémique (416,1±55 ng/ml vs 268±85 ng/ml, p=0,01). Une corrélation positive significative a été trouvée entre la ferritine sérique et la glycémie à jeun (r=0.348, p=0.001). La ferritine sérique a également montré une corrélation significative avec l'HbA1c chez les femmes (r= 0.150, p =0.03). Conclusion. Le taux de ferritine sérique est plus élevé chez les patients atteints de DT2 ayant un mauvais contrôle glycémique et est associé à l'âge. Les taux de ferritine sérique sont en corrélation positive avec les taux d'HbA1c et de FPG.
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