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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L’hémorragie méningée ou hémorragie sous-arachnoïdienne (HSA) se définit par une issue de sang dans les espaces sous arachnoïdiens]. Elle est une sous classe d’accident vasculaire cérébral avec représentativité de 5 à 10%, la cause principale est la rupture d’anévrisme intracrânien. La mortalité globale est estimée entre 40 - 50%. Nous avons mené ce travail afin de décrire les aspects épidémio-cliniques et évolutifs des HSA dans le service de neurologie du CHU du point G. Méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective descriptive des cas d’HSA colligés du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 septembre 2018. Ont été inclus les patients des 2 sexes hospitalisés pour HSA confirmées. Résultats. Vingt et un patients ont été recensés sur un total de 1492 hospitalisations soit une fréquence de 1,4%. L’âge moyen des patients de notre série était de 49,7 ans avec des extrêmes de 28 et 90 ans. Nous avons trouvé un sex-ratio de 1,1. Les céphalées étaient présentes chez 71,4%. Des antécédents d’hypertension artérielle et de tabagisme étaient retrouvés respectivement chez 57,1% et 14,3% des cas. La ponction lombaire a été effectuée chez 2 patients (9,5%). La durée moyenne d’hospitalisation était de 14,5 jours. La mortalité était de 14,3%. Conclusion. L’hémorragie sous arachnoïdienne est une pathologie rare mais grave dont la prise en charge ne doit souffrir d’aucun retard. Un plateau technique adéquat et une approche multidisciplinaire (urgentistes, radiologues, neurologues et neuro chirurgiens) peut réduire la mortalité et le handicap.


ABSTRACT
Background. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is defined as an issue of blood in the subarachnoid spaces [1]. It is a subclass of cerebrovascular accident (stroke) with representativeness of 5 to 10%, the main cause is the rupture of intracranial aneurysm. The overall mortality is estimated between 40 - 50% [2]. We carried out this work in order to describe the epidemiological and clinical and evolutionary aspects of HSAs in the neurology department of the G-spot CHU. Methods. This was a prospective descriptive study of ASH cases collected from January 1, 2016 to September 31, 2018. Patients of both sexes hospitalized for confirmed ASH were included. Results. Twenty-one patients were identified out of a total of 1492 hospitalizations, ie a frequency of 1.4%. The mean age of the patients in our series was 49.7 years with ranges of 28 and 90 years. We found a sex ratio = 1.1. Headache was present in 71.4%. A history of hypertension and smoking were found respectively 57.1% and 14.3%. Lumbar puncture performed in 2 patients 9.5%. The average length of hospital stay was 14.5 days. Mortality was 14.3%. Conclusion. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rare but serious pathology, the management of which should not be delayed. An adequate technical platform and a multidisciplinary approach (emergency physicians, radiologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons) can reduce mortality and disability.

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AS, S. ., TH, C., D, S. ., T, C. ., G, L. ., SH, D. ., EED, C. ., M, S. ., D, T. ., S, H. ., M, D. ., M, Z. ., YM, M. ., O, D. ., & CO, G. . (2021). Aspects Épidémiocliniques et Évolutifs des Hémorragies Méningées Non Traumatiques au CHU du Point G à Bamako. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(11). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i11.2996
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