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Abstract
Introduction. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) are hemopathies developed from cell precursors present in lymphoid organs and whose pathogenesis involves the production of abnormal lymphocytes, which could significantly affect CD4+ T-Lymphocyte levels (CD4+TL) during an NHL. Objective. To profile the CD4+TL variation rate, based on few clinical parameters in subjects with NHL. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on NHL patients at Yaoundé General Hospital from October 2018 to March 2019. For each consenting patient, venous blood was collected and CD4+TL quantified by immunophenotyping. The studied characteristics were demographic, clinical and biological. Results. Forty participants were enrolled. Their average age was 51±16 years, with a sex ratio of 1.5. Weight loss and impaired overall condition were the main causes of clinical evolutivity. Lymph node location, aggressive lymphoma and advanced stage of disease were the most common clinical parameters in our population. The median number of LT CD4+ TL was 723 cells/mm3 and remained high regardless of the demographic and clinical endpoint used. Conclusion. Although lymphopenia remains a common trait in NHL patients according to the literature, our study showed a high CD4+ TL rate in these patients.
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References
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- Ansell SM. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2015; 90(8):1152‑63.
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- measuring absolute CD4, CD8, and CD3 counts For in vitro diagnostic use FACSCount.
- White Paper July 1994. BECTON DICKINSON. Pages 4 à 10.
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- Meva’a Biouélé R.C., Djomou F., Atenguéna Okobalemba E., Alenda Ngulefack G.,
- Ndjolo A . Aspect Clinique Trompeur D’un Lymphome Malin Non Hodgkinien A
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- Madu A, Ocheni S, Ibegbulam O, Madu K, Aguwa E. Pattern of CD4 T-lymphocyte values in Cancer patients on cytotoxic therapy. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013;3(4):498.
- Rathore AS, Kumar S, Konwar R, Makker A, Negi MPS, Goel MM. CD3+, CD4+ & CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are predictors of favourable survival outcome in infiltrating. Indian J Med Res. 2014; 9.
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- Zhang X, Xu J, Zhu H, Wang Y, Wang L, Fan L, et al. Negative prognostic impact of low absolute CD 4 + T cell counts in peripheral blood in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci. 2016; 107(10):1471‑6.
- Kim YR, Kim JS, Kim SJ, Jung HA, Kim SJ, Kim WS, et al. Lymphopenia is an important prognostic factor in peripheral T-cell lymphoma (NOS) treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2011; 4(1):34.
References
Chihara D, Nastoupil LJ, Williams JN, Lee P, Koff JL, Flowers CR. New insights into the epidemiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and implications for therapy. Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy. 2015; 15(5):531‑544.
Ansell SM. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2015; 90(8):1152‑63.
Evens AM, Blum KA, éditeurs. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Pathology, Imaging, and Current Therapy [Internet]. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015 [cité 30 juin 2021]. (Cancer Treatment and Research; vol. 165). Disponible sur: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-13150-4
Miranda-Filho A, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Marcos-Gragera R, Steliarova-Foucher E, Bray F. Global patterns and trends in the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Causes Control. 2019; 30(5):489‑99.
Weledji EP, Enow Orock G. Surgery for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Oncol Rev [Internet]. 3 juill 2015 [cité 30 juin 2021]; Disponible sur: https://www.oncologyreviews.org/site/article/view/274
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA A Cancer J Clin. 2021; 71(3):209‑49.
Moueleu Ngalagou PT, Ngouadjeu Dongho Tsakeu E, Ngo Sack F, Eboumbou Moukoko EC, Konn Jolly Y, Luma H. Epidemiology of malignant hemopathies recorded in hospitals in Cameroon. Médecine et Santé Tropicales. 2018; 28(1):61‑6.
Zuze T, Ellis GK, Kasonkanji E, Kaimila B, Nyasosela R, Nyirenda R, et al. Modified EPOCH for high‐risk non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in sub‐Saharan Africa. Cancer Med. 2020; 9(1):77‑83.
Painschab MS, Westmoreland KD, Tomoka T. Improving outcomes for non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in Sub‐Saharan Africa: where to start? Br J Haematol. 2020; 190(2):139‑40.
Meister A, Hentrich M, Wyen C, Hübel K. Malignant lymphoma in the HIV-positive patient. Eur J Haematol. 2018; 101(1):119‑26.
Taherdoost H. Determining Sample Size; How to Calculate Survey Sample Size. 2017; 2:4.
Deems D, Shiba A. M, Ward D. M, Young G. J, (1994). The most complete system for
measuring absolute CD4, CD8, and CD3 counts For in vitro diagnostic use FACSCount.
White Paper July 1994. BECTON DICKINSON. Pages 4 à 10.
Sando Z, Fouelifack FY, Fouogue JT, Fouedjio JH, Ngo YS, Djomou F, et al. Etude histopathologique des adénopathies cervicales à Yaoundé, Cameroun. Pan Afr Med J [Internet]. 2014; 19:185
Le Guyader-Peyrou S, Orazio S, Dejardin O, Maynadié M, Troussard X, Monnereau A. Factors related to the relative survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a population-based study in France: does socio-economic status have a role? Haematologica. 2017; 102(3):584‑92.
Chen I-H, Lai Y-L, Wu C-L, Chang Y-F, Chu C-C, Tsai I-F, et al. Immune impairment in patients with terminal cancers: influence of cancer treatments and cytomegalovirus infection. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2010; 59(2):323‑34.
Meva’a Biouélé R.C., Djomou F., Atenguéna Okobalemba E., Alenda Ngulefack G.,
Ndjolo A . Aspect Clinique Trompeur D’un Lymphome Malin Non Hodgkinien A
Yaoundé. Health Sci. Dis. 2016; 17 (1).
Madu A, Ocheni S, Ibegbulam O, Madu K, Aguwa E. Pattern of CD4 T-lymphocyte values in Cancer patients on cytotoxic therapy. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013;3(4):498.
Rathore AS, Kumar S, Konwar R, Makker A, Negi MPS, Goel MM. CD3+, CD4+ & CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are predictors of favourable survival outcome in infiltrating. Indian J Med Res. 2014; 9.
Rakhra K, Bachireddy P, Zabuawala T, Zeiser R, Xu L, Kopelman A, et al. CD4+ T Cells Contribute to the Remodeling of the Microenvironment Required for Sustained Tumor Regression upon Oncogene Inactivation. Cancer Cell. 2010; 18(5):485‑98.
Zhang X, Xu J, Zhu H, Wang Y, Wang L, Fan L, et al. Negative prognostic impact of low absolute CD 4 + T cell counts in peripheral blood in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci. 2016; 107(10):1471‑6.
Kim YR, Kim JS, Kim SJ, Jung HA, Kim SJ, Kim WS, et al. Lymphopenia is an important prognostic factor in peripheral T-cell lymphoma (NOS) treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2011; 4(1):34.