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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Au Cameroun, le paludisme demeure l’endémie majeure et la première cause de morbidité et de mortalité. Notre étude avait pour objectif de déterminer les facteurs associés à la prévalence du paludisme dans la ville de Yaoundé. Matériel et méthodes. Une étude Prospective transversale et descriptive a été menée d’avril à juin 2021 soit 3 mois au Centre Médical le Jourdain. Sur les échantillons de sang de 305 patients venus consulter au centre médical, des tests de diagnostic du paludisme à savoir le test de diagnostic rapide, l’observation microscopique de la goutte épaisse et du frottis sanguin ont été réalisés. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide du logiciel SPSS version 21 et la comparaison des variables a été faite par le test Chi deux avec pour valeur statistiquement significative p<0,05. Résultats. La prévalence du paludisme était de 33,1% avec pour principale espèce retrouvée le Plasmodium falciparum dans 93,1% (94/101) des cas. Il y avait une différence statistiquement significative selon l’âge (p = 0,04), la tranche 11-20 ans étant la plus affectée (28/56 ; 50,0%). Ceux vivant à Yaoundé étaient plus affectés que les autres (35,5% vs 4,3% respectivement ; p = 0,002). Ceux qui n’utilisaient pas de moustiquaire imprégnée étaient plus affectés que les autres (31,4% vs 27,0% respectivement ; p = 0,03). Conclusion. Les populations vulnérables étaient les enfants. La moustiquaire imprégnée, permettrait de diminuer de façon significative sa prévalence.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Cameroon, malaria remains the major endemic and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Our study aimed to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of malaria in the city of Yaoundé. Patients and methods. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2021, i.e. 3 months at the Jourdain Medical Center. On the blood samples of 305 patients who came to consult the medical center, malaria diagnostic tests, namely the rapid diagnostic test, microscopic observation of the thick drop and the blood smear were carried out. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software and the comparison of variables was made using the Chi square test with a statistically significant value of p<0.05. Results. The prevalence of malaria was 33.1% with the main species found being Plasmodium falciparum in 93.1% (94/101) of cases. There was a statistically significant difference by age (p = 0.04), with the 11-20 year old age group being the most affected (28/56; 50.0%). Those living in Yaoundé were more affected than others (35.5% vs 4.3% respectively; p = 0.002). Those who did not use an impregnated mosquito net were more affected than the others (31.4% vs 27.0% respectively; p = 0.03). Conclusion. Malaria represented a third of the causes of medical consultations. The vulnerable populations were children. The impregnatedmosquito net, without eradicating the disease, would significantly reduce its prevalence.

Keywords

Malaria, Prevalence, Associated factors, Insecticide-treated mosquito net Paludisme, Prévalence, Facteurs Associés, Moustiquaire imprégnée d’insecticide

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Ngando Laure, Voundi-Voundi Esther, Taby Bidzogo Célestine Audrey, Voundi-Voundi Junior, Ndoumba Mintya Annick, Bih Tanni, & Tombi Jeannette. (2024). Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Malaria in the City of Yaounde, Cameroon: Facteurs Associés à la Prévalence du Paludisme dans la Ville de Yaoundé, Cameroun. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(3 Suppl 1). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i3 Suppl 1.5695
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