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RÉSUMÉ
Objectif. Décrire les facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires majeurs chez les patients avec COVID-19 à la clinique “La Rosette” de Bamako en 2021 et 2022. Matériels et méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale et descriptive qui s’est déroulée de mai 2021 à avril 2022 à la clinique ‟La Rosette” (structure médicale privée spécialisée dans l’imagerie médicale). Le recrutement a concerné les patients des deux sexes âgés de plus de 15 ans adressés pour Tomodensitométrie (TDM) et l’AngioTDM thoracique dans le cadre d’un bilan d’infection à COVID-19. Une fiche d’enquête individuelle a servi pour recueillir les données épidémiologiques. L’Angio TDM a été réalisée sur un appareil Général électrique, 8 barrettes avec des coupes de 2,5 à 3mm. L’interprétation des résultats a été effectuée par un collège de spécialistes en imagerie médicale. Les données collectées ont été analysées par SPSS version 20. Résultats. Nous avons colligé 188 patients. La prédominance était féminine (52,7%) avec une fréquence élevée dans la tranche d’âge de 45 à 54ans (35,1%). Tous les patients résidaient à Bamako. Les femmes au foyer étaient majoritaires (47,7%) suivies des commerçants (42,6%) et des marabouts (22,3%). L’hypertension artérielle (HTA) était le facteur de risque le plus retrouvé (59,6%) suivie de la sédentarité (54,2%), du diabète (38,8%) et du tabagisme actif (11,17,6%). Les lésions en verre dépolis étaient en majorité unilatérales (83,5%), elles étaient associées à l’embolie pulmonaire dans 22,3%). Conclusion. L’HTA, le diabète et le tabagisme actif ont été les facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaire majeurs les plus associés au COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To report the major cardiovascular risk factors in COVID-19 patients at the “La Rosette” clinic in Bamako in 2021 and 2022. Materials and methods. This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study that took place from May 2021 to April 2022 at the “La Rosette” clinic (private medical structure specialized in medical imaging). Involved were patients of both sexes over the age of 15 years referred for computed tomography (CT) and thoracic CT angiography as part of a COVID-19 infection assessment. An individual survey form was used to collect epidemiological data. Angio CT was performed on a General Electric device, 8 strips with cuts of 2.5 to 3mm. The interpretation of the results was carried out by a college of specialists in medical imaging. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results. We collected 188 patients. The predominance was female (52.7%) with a high frequency in the age group of 45 to 54 years (35.1%). All patients resided in Bamako. Housewives were the majority (47.7%) followed by traders (42.6%) and marabouts (22.3%). Hypertension was the most found risk factor (59.6%) followed by physical inactivity (54.2%), diabetes (38.8%) and active smoking (11.17.6%). The ground glass lesions were mostly unilateral (83.5%), they were associated with pulmonary embolism in 22.3%). Conclusion. Hypertension, diabetes and active smoking were the major cardiovascular risk factors most associated with COVID-19.
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References
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- Grasselli G., Zangrillo A., Zanella A., Antonelli M., Cabrini L., Castelli A., et al. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy. JAMA. 2020 ;323(16):1574-81.
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- Lowder T., Padjett D.A., Wood J.A. Moderate excercice protects mice from death due to influenza virus. Brain Behov Immunity. 2005; 5: 377-380
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- Simons D, Shahab L, Brown J, Perski O. The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7). Addiction. 2021 Jun;116(6):1319-1368. doi: 10.1111/add.15276.
References
B. EI Boussadani, C.Benajiba, A.Aajal, A.Ait Brik, O.Ammour, J.EI Hangouch, O.Oussama, B.Oussama, N.Tahiri et Z.Raissun Pandémie COVID-19: impact sur le systeme cardiovasculaire. Données disponibles au 1er avril 2020 Ann Cardiol Angeiol 2020 ; (3) : 107-114
Chibinda B Y, Muderhwa B J, Nabintu B A, Bijira B, Kingombe M, Murhula K D et Katchunga B P. Influence de l’hypertension artérielle sur le profil Clinique et le prognostic des patients hospitalisés pour COVID-19 dans la ville de Bakavu, en République Démocratique du Congo : étude de cohorte prospective Ann Cardiol Angeiol 2023 ; 72(1) : 25-30
Driggin E., Madhavan M.V., Bikdeli B., Chuich T., Laracy J., Bondi-Zoccai G., et al. Cardiovascular considerations for patients, health care workers, and health systems during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2020;75(18):2352-71
Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, et al. Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 ;323(20) :2052–2059. doi :10.1001/jama.2020.6775
Grasselli G., Zangrillo A., Zanella A., Antonelli M., Cabrini L., Castelli A., et al. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy. JAMA. 2020 ;323(16):1574-81.
Guan W jie, Ni Z yi, Hu Y, Liang W hua, Ou C quan, He J xing, et al. Clinical 19. Wang L, He W, Yu X, Hu D, Bao M, Liu H, Zhou J, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 in elderly patients: Characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up. J Infect. 2020 ;80(6):639–645.
Zhou F., Yu T., Du R., Fan G., Lui Z., et al Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adulte inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort-study. Lancet.2020;395 (10229): 1054-1062
Wang L, He W, Yu X, Hu D, Bao M, Liu H, Zhou J, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 in elderly patients: Characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up. J Infect. 2020;80(6):639–645.
Huang C. et al, Clinical featines of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395, 497-506
Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):846-848. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x.
Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Zhou X, Xu S, Huang H, et al. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(7):934–943.
Lowder T., Padjett D.A., Wood J.A. Moderate excercice protects mice from death due to influenza virus. Brain Behov Immunity. 2005; 5: 377-380
Marnie L., Jérémy D. Effets des entrainements aérobies et anaérobies chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose. Kinesither Rev. 2015 ; 15 : 32-36
Sallis R, Young DR, Tartof SY, et al. Physical inactivity is associated with a higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes: a study in 48 440 adult patients. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2021; 55 :1099-1105.
Simons D, Shahab L, Brown J, Perski O. The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7). Addiction. 2021 Jun;116(6):1319-1368. doi: 10.1111/add.15276.