Profil Epidémiologique, Clinique et Thérapeutique de la Maladie Thromboembolique Veineuse au Tchad : Etude Rétrospective sur 5 ans: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Chad: retrospective study over 5 years old

Abstract

Introduction. Venous thromboembolism disease (VTED) is a public health problem due to its seriousness. The objective of this work is to contribute to improving the management of venous thromboembolism. Materials and method. This was a retrospective study with a descriptive aim which took place in the cardiology departments of the CHU-RN and the CHU-R of N’Djamena (Chad). It extended from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2023. Results. The sample included 248 cases, representing a hospital frequency of 7.54%. The average age of patients was 47.8 ±14.5 years with extremes ranging from 15 to 85 years old. The female predominance was found at 70.6% with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.4. Housewives accounted for 34.7%. The painful big leg (98.73%) or 155 cases in DVT and dyspnea (95.60%) or 87 cases in pulmonary embolism were the most represented reasons for hospitalization with 155 cases (62.5%). The Wells score was high in 91 patients or 36.6% of cases. The thrombus was located in 51.2% in the left lower limb (TVP) and in 25% of cases in one of the pulmonary arteries (EP). The evolution was favorable in 214 cases or 86.3%. The lethality was 11.3% or 28 cases (n=28). Conclusion. Venous thromboembolism has an increasing prevalence. Its lethality remains significant