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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les mesures hygiéno-diététiques constituent un volet important de la prise en charge de l’hypertension artérielle. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer l’effet d’un régime «Dietary Approches to Stop Hypertension» (DASH) administré à des patients hypertendus non traités. Matériels et méthodes. Un essai non randomisé à un bras a été réalisé à l’Unité de prise en charge du diabète et de l’hypertension artérielle de l’Hôpital Régional de Ngaoundéré au Cameroun. L’intervention consistait en l’administration pendant une durée de 08 semaines d’un régime DASH en environnement autonome couplé à la pratique d’une activité physique régulière. Ce régime était riche en fruits, légumes et  produits laitiers, modérément riche en protéines et pauvre en matière grasse. Durant l’intervention, les paramètres anthropométriques, cliniques et biologiques étaient mesurés chez les participants. Résultats. Un total de 36 patients a été inclus dans l’étude. Les données obtenues ont montré une diminution significative des valeurs moyennes de l’indice de masse corporelle (-3,82 kg/m2; p = 0,001), du tour de taille (-7,9 cm; p = 0,001), du taux de cholestérol-LDL, (- 0,49 g/L; p = 0,001), de la pression artérielle systolique (-40 mmHg ; p = 0,001) et de la pression artérielle diastolique (18 mmHg, p = 0,001) chez les participants. Conclusion. L’observance à court terme d’un régime de type DASH améliore les indicateurs de risque cardiovasculaire chez les sujets hypertendus dans notre environnement.

ABSTRACT
Purpose. Diet and life style modifications constitute and important part of the management of hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the DASH eating plan in untreated hypertensive patients. Materials and methods. A single-arm non-randomized trial was conducted at the Diabetes and Hypertension Unit of the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital in Cameroon. The intervention was a non-controlled and self-directed DASH eating plan followed by participants, associated with a regular physical activity during a 08 weeks period. Anthropometric, clinical and biological parameters were measured in all participants at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Results. A total of 36 patients were included. The results showed a significant decrease in mean values of body mass index (-3.82 kg/m2, p = 0.001), waist circumference (-7.9 cm, p = 0.001), LDL cholesterol (- 0.49 g/L, p = 0.001), systolic blood pressure (-40 mmHg, p = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (18 mmHg,  p = 0.001), suggesting an improvement in cardiovascular risk indicators in the study participants. Conclusion. Short-term adherence to a DASH-type diet improves cardiovascular risk indicators in hypertensive subjects in our environment.

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Pancha, M. O., Fouejeu T, F., Ngoufack T. J., O., & Nguimbou, R. M. (2020). Effets à Court Terme d’un Régime DASH sur les Profils Cliniques et Anthropométriques d’un Groupe d’Hypertendus. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 21(7). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v21i7.2144
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