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RÉSUMÉ
Objectif. L’hypertension artérielle résistante (HTAr) est plus fréquente chez les sujets diabétiques comparés à la population générale des patients hypertendus sous traitement. Sa présence grève davantage le pronostic cardiovasculaire et rénal de ces patients. Notre objectif était de déterminer la prévalence de l’HTAr et les facteurs y associés chez des patients diabétiques de type 2 à l’Hôpital Central de Yaoundé (HCY). Population et Méthodes. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale prospective effectuée au Centre National d’Obésité de l’HCY. Les patients diabétiques de type 2 et hypertendus enregistrés dans la base de données H3Africa ont été inclus dans l’étude. L’observance thérapeutique a été évaluée grâce au questionnaire de Morisky et par appels téléphoniques quotidiens pendant 2 semaines. La pression artérielle était prise au Cabinet puis lors de la MAPA de 24 heures. Les analyses statistiques ont été faites à l’aide du logiciel IBM SPSS version 20. Résultats. L’HTAr apparente était présente chez 37 (18,6%) des patients. Parmi les patients souffrant d’HTAr apparente, 7 (41,2%) sur les 17 ayant bénéficié de la MAPA de 24 heures avaient des chiffres tensionnels au-delà de 130/80 mmHg. Les patients ayant une HTAr étaient plus âgés et avaient des valeurs médianes d’IMC et d’HbA1c significativement plus élevées. La dyslipidémie et l’IMC compris entre 35 – 40 kg/m2 étaient les seuls facteurs indépendamment corrélés à l’HTAr. Conclusion. L’HTAr est fréquente chez les diabétiques de type 2 suivi l’Hôpital Central de Yaoundé. Elle est indépendamment corrélée à l’IMC et à la présence d’une dyslipidémie.
ABSTRACT
Objective. Resistant hypertension (rHT) is more common in diabetic subjects compared to the general population of hypertensive patients under treatment. The presence of hypertension further compromises the cardiovascular and renal prognosis of these patients. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of rHT and associated factors in type 2 diabetic patients at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (HCY). Population and Methods. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study carried out at the National Obesity Centre of the HCY. Type 2 diabetic and hypertensive patients registered in the H3Africa database were included in the study. Adherence to treatment was assessed using Morisky's questionnaire and daily telephone calls for 2 weeks. Blood pressure was taken at the office and then at the 24-hour ABPM. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 20 software. Results. Apparent rHT was present in 37 (18.6%) of the patients. Among those patients with apparent resistant hypertension, 7 (41.2%) of the 17 patients who received 24-hour ABPM had blood pressure values above 130/80 mmHg. Patients with hypertension were older and had significantly higher median BMI and HbA1c values. Dyslipidemia and BMI between 35 - 40 kg/m2 were the only factors independently correlated with rHT. Conclusion. rHT is common in type 2 diabetics at the Central Hospital in Yaoundé. It is independently correlated with BMI and the presence of dyslipidemia.

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Mfeukeu Kuate, L., Danwe, D., Boombhi, J., Ondo Edou, G., Ngongang Ouankou, C., Etoa, M., Ahmadou Musa, A. M. jingi, Ndongo Amougou, S., Ba, H., Dehayem, M., Menanga, A., & Sobngwi, E. (2021). Prévalence et Facteurs Associés à l’Hypertension Artérielle Résistante dans un Groupe de Patients Diabétiques de Type 2 à Yaoundé. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i2.2538
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