Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. En décembre 2019, la Chine envoya à l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) des rapports sur l'incidence d’une pneumonie d'étiologie inconnue. Peu de temps après, la cause de cette maladie fut identifiée comme le nouveau bêta-coronavirus, SRAS-CoV-2 et sa séquence génétique fut publié le 12 janvier 2020. Il existe peu de connaissances sur ce virus et sur sa distribution mondiale. Matériels et méthodes. Nous avons mené une étude transversale descriptive allant du 27 mars au 31 mai 2020 à l’hôpital de dermatologie de Bamako pour décrire les aspects épidémio-cliniques des patients infectés par la Covid 19. Les critères d’inclusion étaient les malades des deux sexes et de tout âge présentant une infection par la Covid 19 pendant cette période. Résultats. Nous avons enregistré 101 patients. La prédominance était masculine (sexe ratio de 1,34). L’âge moyen était de 37 ans et les femmes au foyer étaient majoritaires. Le Mali a importé 26 cas (24,76%). La fièvre était le maitre symptôme (68,3%) suivi de la toux (43 cas) et du e mal de gorge (41 cas). La détresse respiratoire était la complication majoritaire avec 4% des cas. Plus de patients étaient guéris en 10 jours de traitement (75%) sur la base de deux RT-PCR négatives faites dans un délai de 48 à 72 heures d’intervalle. La mortalité était de 1%. Conclusion. Le profil épidémiologique de nos patients reflète la population générale Malienne. La fièvre, les céphalées, l’asthénie et la toux sont les signes majeurs la Covid 19.
Mots clés : Infection Covid 19, infectiologie-hôpital dermatologique
ABSTRACT
Background. In December 2019, China sent reports on the incidence of pneumonia of unknown etiology to the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortly after, the cause of this disease was identified as the new beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 and its genetic sequence was published on January 12, 2020. Little is known about this virus and its worldwide distribution. Material and methods. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from March 27 to May 31, 2020 at the Bamako dermatology hospital to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients infected with Covid 19. The inclusion criteria were patients of both sexes and of any age with Covid 19 infection during the period. Results. A total of 101 patients were registered. The predominance was male (sex ratio of 1.34). The average age was 37 and housewives were in the majority. Mali imported 26 cases (24.76%). Fever was the main symptom (68.3%). Cough (43 cases), sore throat (41 cases) were the major functional signs. Respiratory distress was the major complication with 4% of cases. More patients were cured within 10 days of treatment (75%). Patients were reported cured with two negative RT-PCRs performed 48 to 72 hours apart. Mortality was 1%. Conclusion. The epidemiological profile of our patients reflects the general Malian population. Fever, headache, asthenia and cough are the major signs of Covid 19.
Article Details
References
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References
-Hadis Fathizadeh et al. Protection and disinfection policies against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infez Med 2020 A head of print Jun 1;28(2):185-191. PMID: 32275260
- Communique du gouvernement de la république du mali sur les premiers cas de coronavirus au Mali Ministère de la Santé et du Développement Social www.sante.gov.ml 25 Mar 2020 Publié dans Communiqués
- Na Zhu et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019 N Engl J Med 2020 Feb 20; 382 (8):727-733 PMID: 31978945 PMCID: PMC7092803
- C. Samer, F. Curtin, KR Ing-Lorenzini, P. Vetter. Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine et COVID-19 : Évaluation pharmacologique
Groupe Guidelines COVID: Thomas AGORITSAS et al,
- OMS Chronologie de l’action de l’OMS face à la COVID-19 https://www.who.int/fr/news/item/29-06-2020-covidtimeline Dernière mise à jour : 9 septembre 2020
-Abed Zahedi Bialvaei et al CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Escherichia coli isolates in Iranian hospitalsBraz J Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep; 47(3): 706–711. PMID: 27268117
-Kit-San Yuen et al SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions
Cell Biosci 2020 Mar 16; 10:40. PMID: 32190290
-Awadhesh Kumar Singh et al. Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations. Diabetes Metab Syndr Jul-Aug 2020;14(4):303-310. PMID: 32298981
- Fang Jiang et al. Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) J Gen Intern Med 2020 May; 35(5):1545-1549. PMID: 32133578
- S Dittrich Diagnosing malaria and other febrile illnesses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published Online April 24, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2214-109X (20)30210-2
- P. Chanda-Kapata et al. COVID-19 and malaria: A symptom screening challenge for malaria endemic countries International Journal of Infectious Diseases 94 (2020) 151–153
-S A Meo et al, Efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020 Apr; 24(8):4539-4547 PMID: 32373993
-Eli S Rosenberg et al. Association of Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New York State. JAMA 2020 Jun 23;323(24):2493-2502 PMID: 32392282
-Neeraj Sinha , Galit Balayla. Hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19. Postgrad Med J 2020 Sep; 96(1139):550-555. PMID: 32295814
- Zou L et al, Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: a potential and controversial treatment for COVID-19. Arch Pharm Res 2020 Aug;43(8):765-772. PMID: 32740801
-Jennifer Abbasi. The Promise and Peril of Antibody Testing for COVID-19.JAMA. 2020;323(19):1881-1883
- Organisation mondiale de la Santé 2020. CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Lutte anti-infectieuse lors de la prise en charge des patients chez lesquels on suspecte une infection par un nouveau coronavirus (nCoV) : orientations provisoires. ISBN 978-92-4-000093-3 (version électronique) .ISBN 978-92-4-000094-0 (version imprimée). WHO reference number: WHO/2019-nCoV/IPC/2020.2
-James M et al. Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) A Review JAMA. 2020; 323(18):1824-1836.
-Safiya Richardson et al. Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area JAMA. 2020; 323(20):2052-2059.
- Datonye Alasia et al. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 646 hospitalised SARS-Cov-2 positive patients in Rivers State Nigeria: a prospective observational study
-Mahamadou Doutchi et al. Co-infection Covid-19 et Tuberculose chez 2 patients à l’hôpital national de Zinger- Niger. HSD Vol 22, No 2 (2021) Doutchi