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RÉSUMÉ
Objectif. L’objectif de cette étude était de décrire le profil clinique, leur protocole de prise en charge et le devenir immédiat des patientes reçues en fin de grossesse à l’hôpital de district de Biyem-Assi. Patients et méthodes. Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective et descriptive à l’hôpital de district de Biyem Assi à Yaoundé d’avril 2019 à décembre 2019. Toutes les fiches de collecte ont été enregistrées dans une base de données conçue sous le logiciel CS Pro, version 6.3. Les données ont ensuite été analysées grâce au logiciel IBM SPSS version 23.0. Les figures ont été réalisées dans le logiciel Microsoft Excel 2013. Résultats. Au total, 43 dossiers ont été collectés. L’âge moyen dans notre population d’étude était de 30,5 ans avec des extrêmes de 18 ans et 43 ans. Ainsi 51,2% a été reçu pour la première fois à un âge gestationnel ≥ 37 SA suivi de 39,5% pour les parturientes avec un âge gestationnel ≤ 36 SA ; et 9,3% de parturientes en post terme. Quatre-vingt-six pourcent des femmes avaient une grossesse monofoetale et 14% avaient une grossesse gémellaire. Le désordre hypertensif le plus retrouvé dans notre échantillon était l’HTA sévère à 75%. Les accouchées par césarienne ont représenté 76,9 % de nos enquêtées (n= 39). Une HTA sévère a été retrouvée chez 23 (76,7%) parturientes césarisées. Conclusion. L’hypertension artérielle en fin de grossesse dans la plupart des cas conduit le plus souvent à la réalisation d’une césarienne ce d’autant plus quand elle est sévère.
ABSTRACT
Objective. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical profile, their management protocol and the immediate outcome of patients received at the end of pregnancy at Biyem-Assi district hospital. Patients and methods. We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study at Biyem Assi District Hospital in Yaoundé from April 2019 to December 2019. All collection forms were recorded in a database designed under CS Pro software, version 6.3. The data were then analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Figures were made in Microsoft Excel 2013. Results. A total of 43 records were collected. The mean age in our study population was 30.5 years with extremes of 18 years and 43 years. Thus 51.2% were received for the first time at a gestational age ≥ 37 SA followed by 39.5% for parturients with a gestational age ≤ 36 SA; and 9.3% of parturients post term. Eighty-six percent of women had a singleton pregnancy and 14% had a twin pregnancy. The most common hypertensive disorder in our sample was severe hypertension (75%). Cesarean deliveries represented 76.9% of our respondents (n= 39). Severe hypertension was found in 23 (76.7%) caesarean section patients. Conclusion. Arterial hypertension at the end of pregnancy in most cases leads to a caesarean section, especially when it is severe.

Keywords

hypertension artérielle fin de grossesse Césarienne Yaoundé late pregnancy Caesarean section

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Ngo Tjen Irène Eleanore, Ebene Manon Guillaume, Yopa Demen Sandra, Mandeng Gilles, Baleng Bernadette, Foguem Evelyne, & Ekoua Daniel. (2023). Prise en Charge de l’Hypertension Artérielle en Fin de Grossesse dans un Hôpital de Première Référence en Afrique Subsaharienne. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i3.4305
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