Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by abnormalities in carbohydrate, lipid, and lipoprotein metabolism, which not only lead to hyperglycemia but also cause many complications, such as hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.
Materials and Methods: The purpose of the present study was to measure the in vitro antioxidant and biological activities of hydroethanolic extracts of Uapaca paludosa. Phytochemical screening, Antioxidant capacity (Polyphenolic content, Free radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide scavenging activity and Metal chelating activity) and biological activities (Blood sugar assessment, Glucose tolerance test, antiamylasic activity test and Low grade postprandial inflammation) have been done.
Results: Phytochemical studies of hydroethanolic extracts of U. paludosa revealed the presence of tannins, phlobatannins, glycosids, phenols, reducing sugars, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Antioxidant activity has revealed that U. paludosa was riched in polyphenols and radical inhibitory effect was best with DPPH° radical. In glucose tolerance test, hydroethanolic extracts 400mg/kg BW allowed inhibition of glycemia than 200mg/kg BW. Hypoglycemic test revealed that hydroethanolic extracts 400mg/kg BW inhibit glycemia (6.511±1.152%) than 200mg/kg BW (0.283±0.151%). The results of low grade inflammation showed that postprandial endothelium dysfunction and oxidative stress appear 2 hours after consumption of deleterious diet. But extracts has significantly inhibited endothelium dysfunction and oxidative stress (p<0.05); U. paludosa present a reduction of postprandial nitric oxide but only hydroethanolic extract 400mg/kg BW has presented a maximum reduction of postprandial oxidative stress (postprandial hydroperoxides).
Conclusion: Hydroethanolic extracts of U. paludosa have effect on inflammation but haven’t no effect on antiamylasic activity; because of hyperosmolar diabetis after 30min, it will be not necessary to use these extracts to cure diabetis.
Keywords
Article Details
References
- Aboul-Enein AM, El Baz FK, El-Baroty GS, Youssef AM, Abd El-Baky HH (2003). Antioxidant activity of algal extracts on lipid peroxidation. J. Med. Sci. 3: 87-98.
- Abu HMZ, Moni RS, Shammy S, Laizuman N, Kaiser H and Sohel R (2011). Hypoglycemic and in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of
- Brunner H, Cockcroft JR, Deanfield J, Donald A, Ferrannini E, Halcox J, Kiowski W, Luscher TF, Mancia G (2005). Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part II: association with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. A statement by the Working Group on Endothelins and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens; 23:233–46.
- Burdge GC, Calder PC (2005). Plasma cytokine response during the postprandial period: a potential causal process in vascular disease? Br J Nutr. 93:3–9.
- Celermajer DS, Ayer JG (2006). Childhood risk factors for adult cardiovascular disease and primary prevention in childhood. Heart.92:1701–6.
- Davignon J, Ganz P (2004). Role of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Circulation. 109:III27–32.
- Dinis TCP, Madeira VMC, Almeida MLM, (1994). Action of phenolic derivates (acetaminophane, salycilate and 5 – aminosalycilate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 40: 945 – 948.
- Ficus racemosa Linn. fruits. Am. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 2(3): 391-400.
- Gabriel A. Agbor, Joe A. Vinson, Julius E. Oben, Jeanne Y. Ngogang (2006). Comparative analysis of the in vitro antioxidant activity of white and black pepper. Nutrition Research 26: 659– 663
- Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM, Aruoma OI (1987). The deoxyribose method: a simple b test-tubeQ assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem; 165: 215- 9.
- Harbone JB (1976). Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plants analysis, Eds Chapman and Hall, Londres p 279.
- Hatano T, Kagawa H, Yasuhara T, Okuda T (1988). Two new flavonoids and other constituents in licorice root: their relative astringency and radical scavenging effects. Chem Pharm Bull; 36:2090-7.
- Jackson KG, Armah CK, Minihane AM (2007). Meal fatty acids and postprandial vascular reactivity. Biochem Soc Trans. 35:451–3.
- Katalinié V, Milos M, Modun D Musi I et Boban M (2004). Antioxidant effectiveness of selected wines in comparison with (+) – catechin. Food Chemis. 86. 593 – 600.
- Komaki E, Yamaguchi S, Maru I, Kinoshita M, Kakehi K, Ohta Y and Tsukada Y (2003). Identification of anti – alpha amylase components from olive leaf extracts. Food Science and Technology Research; 9: 35 – 39.
- Magné J, Huneau JF, Tsikas D, Delemasure S, Rochette L, Tomé D et Mariotti F (2009). Rapeseed protein in a high-fat mixed meal alleviates postprandial systemic and vascular oxidative stress and prevents vascular endothelial dysfunction in healthy rats. The journal of nutrition, 139(9):1660-6.
- Mondon, P., Leclercq, L., Lintner, K., (1999). Evaluation of free-radical scavenger effects of helianthus annuus extracts using new ex vivo stripping methods. Cosmetics, Aerosols & Toiletries in Australia, 12(4):87-98.
- Mozaffarian D, Wilson PW, Kannel WB (2008). Beyond established and novel risk factors: lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 117:3031–8.
- Odebeyi OO and Sofowora EA (1978). Phytochemical screening of Nigerian medicinal plants – part II, Lloydia, 41: 234p.
- Poppitt SD (2005). Postprandial lipaemia, haemostasis, inflammatory response and other emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease: the influence of fatty meals. Curr Nutr Food Sci.1:23–34.
- Qiong L, Yizhong C, Jun Y, Mei S, Harold C (2004). Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and antioxidant activity of fruit extracts from Lycium barbarum. Life Science 76: 137–149.
- Sies H, Stahl W, Sevanian A (2005). Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress. J Nutr. 135:969–72.
- Singleton V and Rossi J (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolydic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16: 144 – 158.
- Sreejayan and Rao MNA (1997). Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49 : 105 – 107.
- Trease GE and Evans WE (1978). A text book of pharmacognosy: 12e edition, Baillère Tindall Ltd., Londres.
- Trease GE and Evans WE (1989). A text book of pharmacognosy: 13e edition, Baillère Tindall Ltd., Londres.
- Wall ME, Eddy CR, McClenna ML and Klump ME (1954).
- Detection and estimation of steroids sapogenins VII. Agr. Research Service Circ. Aic., 363, 17p.
References
Aboul-Enein AM, El Baz FK, El-Baroty GS, Youssef AM, Abd El-Baky HH (2003). Antioxidant activity of algal extracts on lipid peroxidation. J. Med. Sci. 3: 87-98.
Abu HMZ, Moni RS, Shammy S, Laizuman N, Kaiser H and Sohel R (2011). Hypoglycemic and in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of
Brunner H, Cockcroft JR, Deanfield J, Donald A, Ferrannini E, Halcox J, Kiowski W, Luscher TF, Mancia G (2005). Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part II: association with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. A statement by the Working Group on Endothelins and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens; 23:233–46.
Burdge GC, Calder PC (2005). Plasma cytokine response during the postprandial period: a potential causal process in vascular disease? Br J Nutr. 93:3–9.
Celermajer DS, Ayer JG (2006). Childhood risk factors for adult cardiovascular disease and primary prevention in childhood. Heart.92:1701–6.
Davignon J, Ganz P (2004). Role of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Circulation. 109:III27–32.
Dinis TCP, Madeira VMC, Almeida MLM, (1994). Action of phenolic derivates (acetaminophane, salycilate and 5 – aminosalycilate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 40: 945 – 948.
Ficus racemosa Linn. fruits. Am. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 2(3): 391-400.
Gabriel A. Agbor, Joe A. Vinson, Julius E. Oben, Jeanne Y. Ngogang (2006). Comparative analysis of the in vitro antioxidant activity of white and black pepper. Nutrition Research 26: 659– 663
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM, Aruoma OI (1987). The deoxyribose method: a simple b test-tubeQ assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem; 165: 215- 9.
Harbone JB (1976). Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plants analysis, Eds Chapman and Hall, Londres p 279.
Hatano T, Kagawa H, Yasuhara T, Okuda T (1988). Two new flavonoids and other constituents in licorice root: their relative astringency and radical scavenging effects. Chem Pharm Bull; 36:2090-7.
Jackson KG, Armah CK, Minihane AM (2007). Meal fatty acids and postprandial vascular reactivity. Biochem Soc Trans. 35:451–3.
Katalinié V, Milos M, Modun D Musi I et Boban M (2004). Antioxidant effectiveness of selected wines in comparison with (+) – catechin. Food Chemis. 86. 593 – 600.
Komaki E, Yamaguchi S, Maru I, Kinoshita M, Kakehi K, Ohta Y and Tsukada Y (2003). Identification of anti – alpha amylase components from olive leaf extracts. Food Science and Technology Research; 9: 35 – 39.
Magné J, Huneau JF, Tsikas D, Delemasure S, Rochette L, Tomé D et Mariotti F (2009). Rapeseed protein in a high-fat mixed meal alleviates postprandial systemic and vascular oxidative stress and prevents vascular endothelial dysfunction in healthy rats. The journal of nutrition, 139(9):1660-6.
Mondon, P., Leclercq, L., Lintner, K., (1999). Evaluation of free-radical scavenger effects of helianthus annuus extracts using new ex vivo stripping methods. Cosmetics, Aerosols & Toiletries in Australia, 12(4):87-98.
Mozaffarian D, Wilson PW, Kannel WB (2008). Beyond established and novel risk factors: lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 117:3031–8.
Odebeyi OO and Sofowora EA (1978). Phytochemical screening of Nigerian medicinal plants – part II, Lloydia, 41: 234p.
Poppitt SD (2005). Postprandial lipaemia, haemostasis, inflammatory response and other emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease: the influence of fatty meals. Curr Nutr Food Sci.1:23–34.
Qiong L, Yizhong C, Jun Y, Mei S, Harold C (2004). Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and antioxidant activity of fruit extracts from Lycium barbarum. Life Science 76: 137–149.
Sies H, Stahl W, Sevanian A (2005). Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress. J Nutr. 135:969–72.
Singleton V and Rossi J (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolydic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16: 144 – 158.
Sreejayan and Rao MNA (1997). Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49 : 105 – 107.
Trease GE and Evans WE (1978). A text book of pharmacognosy: 12e edition, Baillère Tindall Ltd., Londres.
Trease GE and Evans WE (1989). A text book of pharmacognosy: 13e edition, Baillère Tindall Ltd., Londres.
Wall ME, Eddy CR, McClenna ML and Klump ME (1954).
Detection and estimation of steroids sapogenins VII. Agr. Research Service Circ. Aic., 363, 17p.