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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
But. Déterminer le taux de complications de la chirurgie de la cataracte à l’Hôpital Central de Yaoundé (HCY). Méthodologie. Nous avons réalisé une étude descriptive portant sur les dossiers de malades ayant été opérés de cataracte à l’HCY de mars 2013 à décembre 2017. Les dossiers incomplets ainsi que ceux des patients sans suivi postopératoire étaient exclus. Les complications ont été recensées et analysées. Resultats. Nous avons récensé 264 yeux opérés mais inclus 124 yeux de 97 patients, dont les dossiers étaient complets avec suivi postopératoire. L’âge moyen des patients était de 65,91ans ±16,02. La cataracte sénile était prédominante (91,75% des cas). Les complications per-opératoires les plus fréquentes étaient la rupture de la capsule postérieure (3,22%) et l’hyphéma (3,22%). L’hypertonie postopératoire transitoire était présent chez 4,84% des cas. Les complications tardives étaient représentées par la cataracte secondaire avec 26,56% des cas au 2ème mois post-opératoire. Aucun cas d’endophtalmie n’a été enrigistré. Conclusion. Le taux de complications de la chirurgie de la cataracte à l’Hôpital Central de Yaoundé est faible. Ce taux pourrait diminuer davantage avec l’expérience des chirurgiens.
ABSTRACT
Purpose. To report the rate of complications of cataract surgery at the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). Methodology. We carried out a descriptive study using records of patients operated for cataract at the YCH betweeen March 2013 and December 2017. Records of patients lost to follow up were excluded. Results. A total of 264 eyes were operated during the study period, but only 124 eyes of 97 patients whose records were complete with post operative follow up were included. The mean age of the patients was 65.91 ±16.02 years. Senile cataract was the most frequent etiologic form (91.75% of cases). The most common intraoperative complications were posterior capsule tear and hyphema in 3.22% of cases each. Early but transient postoperative raised intraocular pressure was seen in 4.84% of cases. The most common late postoperative complication was secondary cataract, found in 26.56% of patients after the 2nd month. No case of endophthalmitis was recorded. Conclusion. The rate of complications in cataract surgery at the Yaounde Central Hospital is low. This could be lower with an increase in the experience of the surgeons.
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References
- Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614–8.
- OMS. Santé Oculaire Universelle: Plan d’action mondial 2014-2019. Genève: Organisation Mondiale de la Santé; 2013. 32 p.
- Ruit S, Tabin G, Chang D, Bajracharya L, Kline DC, Richheimer W, et al. A prospective randomized clinical trial of phacoemulsification vs manual sutureless small-incision extracapsular cataract surgery in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jan;143(1):32–8.
- Gogate PM, Kulkarni SR, Krishnaiah S, Deshpande RD, Joshi SA, Palimkar A, et al. Safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification compared with manual small-incision cataract surgery by a randomized controlled clinical trial: six-week results. Ophthalmology. 2005 May;112(5):869–74.
- Chan E, Mahroo OAR, Spalton DJ. Complications of cataract surgery. Clin Exp Optom. 93(6):379–89.
- Trivedy J. Outcomes of high volume cataract surgeries at a Lions Sight First Eye Hospital in Kenya. Nepal J Ophthalmol Biannu Peer-Rev Acad J Nepal Ophthalmic Soc NEPJOPH. 2011 Jun;3(1):31–8.
- Diallo JW, Meda N, Ahnoux-Zabsonre A, Yameogo C, Dolo M, Sanou J, et al. Résultats fonctionnels de la chirurgie de la cataracte par phacoalternative avec implantation en chambre postérieure: à propos de 300 cas à Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Pan Afr Med J [Internet]. 2015 Mar 12;20. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482526/
- Guzek JP, Ching A. Small-incision manual extracapsular cataract surgery in Ghana, West Africa. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2003 Jan;29(1):57–64.
- Ang GS, Whyte IF. Effect and outcomes of posterior capsule rupture in a district general hospital setting. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006 Apr;32(4):623–7.
- Narendran N, Jaycock P, Johnston RL, Taylor H, Adams M, Tole DM, et al. The Cataract National Dataset electronic multicentre audit of 55,567 operations: risk stratification for posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss. Eye Lond Engl. 2009 Jan;23(1):31–7.
- Ionides A, Minassian D, Tuft S. Visual outcome following posterior capsule rupture during cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001 Feb;85(2):222–4.
- Bell CM, Hatch WV, Cernat G, Urbach DR. Surgeon volumes and selected patient outcomes in cataract surgery: a population-based analysis. Ophthalmology. 2007 Mar;114(3):405–10.
- John ME, Noblitt RL, Boleyn KL, Raanan MG, DeLuca M. Effect of a superficial and a deep scleral pocket incision on the incidence of hyphema. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1992 Sep;18(5):495–9.
- Rainer G, Menapace R, Findl O, Kiss B, Petternel V, Georgopoulos M, et al. Intraocular pressure rise after small incision cataract surgery: a randomised intraindividual comparison of two dispersive viscoelastic agents. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001 Feb;85(2):139–42.
- Rainer G, Stifter E, Luksch A, Menapace R. Comparison of the effect of Viscoat and DuoVisc on postoperative intraocular pressure after small-incision cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Feb;34(2):253–7.
- Zamvar U, Dhillon B. Postoperative IOP prophylaxis practice following uncomplicated cataract surgery: a UK-wide consultant survey. BMC Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct 7;5:24.
- Endophthalmitis Study Group, European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons. Prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery: results of the ESCRS multicenter study and identification of risk factors. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007 Jun;33(6):978–88.
- Awasthi N, Guo S, Wagner BJ. Posterior capsular opacification: a problem reduced but not yet eradicated. Arch Ophthalmol Chic Ill 1960. 2009 Apr;127(4):555–62.
References
Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614–8.
OMS. Santé Oculaire Universelle: Plan d’action mondial 2014-2019. Genève: Organisation Mondiale de la Santé; 2013. 32 p.
Ruit S, Tabin G, Chang D, Bajracharya L, Kline DC, Richheimer W, et al. A prospective randomized clinical trial of phacoemulsification vs manual sutureless small-incision extracapsular cataract surgery in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jan;143(1):32–8.
Gogate PM, Kulkarni SR, Krishnaiah S, Deshpande RD, Joshi SA, Palimkar A, et al. Safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification compared with manual small-incision cataract surgery by a randomized controlled clinical trial: six-week results. Ophthalmology. 2005 May;112(5):869–74.
Chan E, Mahroo OAR, Spalton DJ. Complications of cataract surgery. Clin Exp Optom. 93(6):379–89.
Trivedy J. Outcomes of high volume cataract surgeries at a Lions Sight First Eye Hospital in Kenya. Nepal J Ophthalmol Biannu Peer-Rev Acad J Nepal Ophthalmic Soc NEPJOPH. 2011 Jun;3(1):31–8.
Diallo JW, Meda N, Ahnoux-Zabsonre A, Yameogo C, Dolo M, Sanou J, et al. Résultats fonctionnels de la chirurgie de la cataracte par phacoalternative avec implantation en chambre postérieure: à propos de 300 cas à Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Pan Afr Med J [Internet]. 2015 Mar 12;20. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482526/
Guzek JP, Ching A. Small-incision manual extracapsular cataract surgery in Ghana, West Africa. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2003 Jan;29(1):57–64.
Ang GS, Whyte IF. Effect and outcomes of posterior capsule rupture in a district general hospital setting. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006 Apr;32(4):623–7.
Narendran N, Jaycock P, Johnston RL, Taylor H, Adams M, Tole DM, et al. The Cataract National Dataset electronic multicentre audit of 55,567 operations: risk stratification for posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss. Eye Lond Engl. 2009 Jan;23(1):31–7.
Ionides A, Minassian D, Tuft S. Visual outcome following posterior capsule rupture during cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001 Feb;85(2):222–4.
Bell CM, Hatch WV, Cernat G, Urbach DR. Surgeon volumes and selected patient outcomes in cataract surgery: a population-based analysis. Ophthalmology. 2007 Mar;114(3):405–10.
John ME, Noblitt RL, Boleyn KL, Raanan MG, DeLuca M. Effect of a superficial and a deep scleral pocket incision on the incidence of hyphema. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1992 Sep;18(5):495–9.
Rainer G, Menapace R, Findl O, Kiss B, Petternel V, Georgopoulos M, et al. Intraocular pressure rise after small incision cataract surgery: a randomised intraindividual comparison of two dispersive viscoelastic agents. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001 Feb;85(2):139–42.
Rainer G, Stifter E, Luksch A, Menapace R. Comparison of the effect of Viscoat and DuoVisc on postoperative intraocular pressure after small-incision cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Feb;34(2):253–7.
Zamvar U, Dhillon B. Postoperative IOP prophylaxis practice following uncomplicated cataract surgery: a UK-wide consultant survey. BMC Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct 7;5:24.
Endophthalmitis Study Group, European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons. Prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery: results of the ESCRS multicenter study and identification of risk factors. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007 Jun;33(6):978–88.
Awasthi N, Guo S, Wagner BJ. Posterior capsular opacification: a problem reduced but not yet eradicated. Arch Ophthalmol Chic Ill 1960. 2009 Apr;127(4):555–62.