Attitudes of Rwandan University Students towards HIV
Attitudes des Étudiants des Universités Rwandaises à l’Égard du VIH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v2i9.5971Keywords:
HIV, attitudes, university students, Rwanda.Abstract
RESUME
Introduction. Les attitudes par rapport au VIH-sida varient en fonction de la scolarité des personnes, de la religion, du statut socioéconomique et du fait d’avoir connu ou non une personne vivant avec le VIH. L’objectif de notre étude était de décrire les attitudes des étudiants universitaires Rwandais à l’égard du VIH. Méthodologie. Il s’agit d’une étude quantitative transversale, réalisée de Novembre à Décembre 2020 portant sur les attitudes à l’égard du VIH des étudiants issus de deux universités de la province du Nord du Rwanda : Institut d’enseignement supérieur de Ruhengeri (INES-Ruhengeri : 2 816 étudiants) et Ruli Higher Institute of Health (RHIH : 400 étudiants). Résultats. Nous avons étudié 644 participants dont l’âge moyen était de 23,5 ans pour un sex ratio de 0,4. Le test de khi carré s’est révélé significatif au seuil de signification alpha = 0,05, sauf pour la catégorie de l’acceptabilité sociale ou non des patients vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH), où aucune différence n’a été révélée (valeur p : 0,238) en rapport avec le niveau de connaissances. Par ailleurs, 70,5 % des étudiants de la catégorie des connaissances moyennes désapprouvaient l’idée de culpabiliser les PVVIH, contrairement à 60,6 % de la catégorie des très faibles connaissances qui acceptaient la culpabilisation de ces personnes. Conclusion. L’acceptabilité sociale des PVVIH est présente surtout dans la catégorie des étudiants ayant un bon niveau de connaissances sur le VIH-SIDA.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Attitudes towards HIV-AIDS vary according to a person's education, religion, socio-economic status and whether or not they have known someone living with HIV. The aim of our study was to measure the attitudes of Rwandan university students towards HIV. Methodology. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted from November to December 2020 on attitudes towards HIV among students at two universities in the northern province of Rwanda: Institut d'Enseignement Supérieur de Ruhengeri (INES-Ruhengeri: 2,816 students) and Ruli Higher Institute of Health (RHIH: 400 students). Results. We enrolled 644 participants with a mean age of 23.5 years and a sex ratio of 0.4. The chi-square test was significant at the significance level alpha = 0.05, except for the category of social acceptability or not of PLHIV, where no difference was revealed (p value: 0.238) in relation to the level of knowledge. In addition, 70.5% of students in the medium knowledge category disagreed with the idea of making PLHIV feel guilty, unlike 60.6% in the very low knowledge category, who accepted making PLHIV feel guilty. Conclusion. The social acceptability of PLWHA is present mainly in the category of students with a good level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS.
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