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ABSTRACT
Introduction. PLHIV are thought to be more likely to develop diabetes than HIV-negative people because of many risk factors including diabetes in the family, being overweight, age, gender and socio-economic conditions. To date, HIV and diabetes have received worldwide attention. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among PLHIV on ART in Yaounde. Material and methods. In a cross-sectional study, we included 45 PLHIV aged 21 years or over receiving ART, between September 2019 and February 2020. Diabetes was measured by the glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We classified the test results into three levels: normal, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus respectively for blood glucose of ≤ 7.7 mmol/l; 7.8 to 11.0 mmol/l, and ≥ 11.1 mmol/l. SPSS statistical software, version 22.0 was used for the statistical analysis. By using Fisher's exact test for all comparisons and a P-value, < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. Forty-five patients with mean age 33.4 ± 6.8 years including 57.8% men and 42.2% women, consented to participate in the study. Overall, 21 (46.6%) patients had diabetes, 14 (31.1%) had prediabetes and 10 (22.2%) were normal. Regarding viral load, 14 (73.7%) patients had a viral load ≥ 40 copies of RNA (P=0.008). All diabetic and prediabetic patients had more than 1 year of ARV exposure (P<0.0001). Conclusion. Our results underscore the need for systematic screening and assessment of diabetes in PLVIH on ART.


RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les PVVIH seraient plus susceptibles de contracter le diabète que les personnes séronégatives en raison de nombreux facteurs de risque que sont le diabète dans la famille, l’embonpoint, l’âge, le sexe et les conditions socioéconomiques. À ce jour, le VIH et le diabète font l’objet d’une attention dans le monde. Cette étude avait pour but de déterminer la prévalence du diabète sucré chez les PVVIH sous TARV à Yaoundé. Méthodes: Dans une étude transversale, nous avons inclus 45 PVVIH âgés de 21 ans et plus sous TARV, entre septembre 2019 et février 2020. Le diabète a été mesuré par le test de tolérance au glucose (OGTT). Nous avons classé les résultats des tests en trois niveaux: normal, prédiabète et diabète sucré, respectivement pour une glycémie de 7,7 mmol/l, 7,8 à 11,0 mmol/l et 11,1 mmol/l. La version 22.0 du logiciel statistique SPSS a été utilisée pour l’analyse statistique. En utilisant le test exact de Fisher pour toutes les comparaisons et une valeur P< 0,05 a été considéré comme significatif. Résultats: Quarante-cinq patients âgés en moyenne de 33,4±6,8 ans, dont 57,8 % d’hommes et 42,2 % de femmes, ont consenti à participer à l’étude. Dans l’ensemble, 21 patients (46,6 %) avaient le diabète, 14 (31,1 %) avaient le prédiabète et 10 (22,2 %) étaient normaux. En ce qui concerne la charge virale, 14 patients (73,7 %) avaient une charge virale de 40 copies d’ARN (P=0,008). Tous les patients diabétiques et prédiabétiques ont été exposés au ARV pendant plus d’un an (P<0,0001). Conclusion: Nos résultats soulignent la nécessité d’un dépistage et d’une évaluation systématiques du diabète en PVVIH sous TARV.

Keywords

PLHIV Glucose tolerance test Diabetes mellitus Yaounde PVVIH Test de tolérance au glucose Diabète sucré Yaoundé

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Mbaga, D. S. ., Bikoï, J. N., Mbongue Mikangue, C. A. ., Essindi, J. O. ., Fodjo Tchuendem, L. M., Membangbi, A. E., Makue Nguiffo, E. ., Ngoutane, A., Elang, A. F., Touangnou-Chamda, S. A. ., Sake, C. S., & Riwom Essama, S. H. (2022). Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Persons Living with HIV in Yaounde: A Cross-Sectional Study: Prévalence du diabète sucré chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH à Yaoundé. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v23i6.3715
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