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ABSTRACT
Background. The waist circumference is the most widely used determinant of abdominal fat. However, it is not very accurate, and cannot help us differentiate subcutaneous fat from visceral fat, which is known to be correlated with cardio-metabolic risk. The gold standard for this evaluating remains CT scan but is difficult to access in our context, due to the cost. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the different fat tissue layers of the abdomen, measured clinically and by CT-scans, with the cardio-metabolic risk, in order to detect the best measurement correlated with the cardio metabolic risk in Cameroonian women Patients and Methods. We performed a cross-sectional analytical study, from September 2010 to February 2011 at the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Our study population was made up of women without diabetes, stratified according to their body mass index. We looked at socio-demographic data, waist circumference, CT-scan fat measurements, insulin sensitivity and their correlation. We enrolled 48 women. Results. Their average age was 28 ± 6 years, BMI was 28kg / m2 [19-39]. Obese had higher abdominal adiposity with an average waist circumference of 107 ± 7cm and total fat at CT scan of 698 ± 98cm. Our population had poor insulin tolerance assessed using the KITT short insulin tolerance test with an average of 1.69 %/min. It was not correlated with waist circumference p = 0.056 r = 0.278 but was correlated with CT scan fat measurements p = 0.032 r = 0.310, more precisely with visceral fat p = 0.009 r = 0.375. Conclusion. This study confirm that visceral abdominal fat is better correlated with insulin sensitivity than subcutaneous fat and that waist circumference is not a reliable reflection of cardiometabolic risk.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le tour de taille est le déterminant de l’adiposité abdominale le plus utilisé. Cependant, il ne reflète pas l’adiposité viscérale étant mieux corrélée à l’insulinorésistance donc au risque cardiométabolique. Le scanner, le gold standard pour l'évaluer, est financièrement peu accessible dans notre contexte. Le but du travail était d’évaluer la relation entre les compartiments graisseux mesurés cliniquement et à l’aide du scanner abdominal et le risque cardiométabolique chez un groupe de femmes camerounaises. Patients et méthodes. Nous avons donc réalisé une étude analytique transversale, de septembre 2010 à février 2011 à l'Hôpital Central de Yaoundé. Résultats. Nous avons recruté 48 femmes non diabétiques, évaluées selon leur indice de masse corporelle. Nous avons examiné les données sociodémographiques, les paramètres vitaux, anthropométriques comme le tour de taille, l’adiposité scanographique, la sensibilité à l'insuline et leur corrélation. Leur âge moyen était de 28 ± 6 ans, IMC de 28 kg/m2. Les obèses avaient une adiposité abdominale plus élevée avec un tour de taille moyen de 107 ± 7 cm, une adiposité totale scanographique de 698 ± 98 cm. La sensibilité à l'insuline évaluée par le test court de tolérance à l'insuline ITT était faible (1,69 %/min) ; non corrélée au tour de taille p = 0,056 r = 0,278 mais à l’adiposité abdominale scanographique p = 0,032 r = 0,310 fortement à la viscérale p = 0,009 r = 0,375. Conclusion. Cette étude confirme que la graisse abdominale viscérale est mieux corrélée aux risque cardiométabolique que la sous-cutanée abdominale et le tour de taille qui n'est pas un reflet réel du risque cardiométabolique dans un contexte ou l'accès au scanner est financièrement limité.

Keywords

cardio-metabolic risk abdominal fat CT scan risque cardiométabolique adiposité abdominale scanner

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Valérie Ndobo-Koe, Eugène Sobngwi, Sylvain Zemsi, Chris Nadège Nganou-Gnindjio, Alain Menanga, Samuel Kingue, Pierre Ongolo Zogo, & Jean Claude Mbanya. (2022). Abdominal Fat at CT-Scan and Cardiometabolic Risk in a Group of Cameroonian Women. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 23(9). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v23i9.3866
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