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ABSTRACT
Introduction. Cleft palate are frequently associated with other congenital malformations, particularly cardiac ones, impacting the overall management of patients. There are no data in our setting on the association of cleft palate with congenital heart defects. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional analytical study with retrospective and prospective data collection during a period of five years, at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital. All patients under 18 years of age who consulted for cleft palate were included in our study. Results. We enrolled 76 patients. The median age was 3 months with an interquartile range of [2-6] months. Primary cleft palate was found in 42 patients (55.26%), secondary cleft palate in 4 patients (5.26%) and primary and secondary cleft palate in 30 patients (39.47%). A congenital heart defect was found in 20 of the 76 patients (26.32%). All cardiopathies were simple and non-cyanogenic. The most common was atrial septal defect (17.10%) followed by patent ductus arteriosus (5.26%). There was no significant association between the type of cleft and the type of cardiac anomaly. Conclusion. The prevalence of congenital heart defects in children with cleft palate in Cameroon is high. Cardiac evaluation of these patients is necessary to identify potentially high risk patients.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les fentes labiopalatines fréquemment associées à d’autres malformations congénitales, notamment celles cardiaques, impactent la prise en charge globale des patients. Il n’existe pas de données dans notre milieu quant à l’association fentes labiopalatines et anomalies cardiaques congénitales. Méthodologie. Nous avons mené une étude transversale analytique à collecte de données rétrospective et prospective sur une période de cinq ans, à l’Hôpital Gynéco-Obstétrique et Pédiatrique de Yaoundé. Etaient inclus dans notre étude, tout patient âgé de moins de 18 ans ayant consulté dans cette formation sanitaire pour fente labiopalatine. Résultats. Nous avons recruté 76 patients. L’âge médian était de 3 mois avec un intervalle interquartile de [2-6] mois. On retrouvait les fentes du palais primaire chez 42 patients (55,26%), les fentes du palais secondaire chez 4 patients (5,26%) et les fentes des palais primaire et secondaire chez 30 patients (39,47%). Une anomalie cardiaque congénitale était retrouvée chez 26,32%. Parmi ces cardiopathies, toutes étaient simples et non cyanogènes. La plus retrouvée était la communication inter auriculaire (17,10%), suivie de la persistance du canal artériel (5.26%). Nous n’avons pas retrouvé d’association significative entre le type de fente et le type d’anomalie cardiaque. Conclusion. La prévalence des anomalies cardiaques congénitales chez les enfants porteurs de fentes labiopalatines au Cameroun est élevée. L’évaluation de ces patients sur le plan cardiaque est nécessaire pour identifier les patients potentiellement à haut risque.

Keywords

clef lip and palate congenital heart defects children cameroon fente labio palatine anomalies cardiaques congénitales enfants cameroun

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How to Cite
Tony Nengom Jocelyn, Leonel, A. ., Meyebe Eteme, B. T., & SAP, S. (2022). Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Children with Cleft Lips and/or Palates in Yaounde: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i1.4129
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