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Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La classification moléculaire du cancer du sein compte quatre sous-types dont le sous-type "triple négatif caractérisé par l'absence de récepteurs hormonaux et de surexpression du HER-2/Neu. Le but de notre étude est d’étudier le profil épidémiologique, anatomopathologique et clinique des cancers du sein triple négatif au Cameroun. Méthodologie. Nous avons mené une étude descriptive transversale de février à août 2016 portant sur 217 patients avec un diagnostic de cancer du sein et un complément d'analyse immunohistochimique dans les services d’oncologie des hôpitaux généraux de Douala et de Yaoundé. . Résultats. Nous avons enregistrés 81 cas de cancer du sein triplement négatif soit une prévalence de 37,33% pour les 2 villes et des prévalences de 36,62% à Douala et 38,67% à Yaoundé. La tranche d'âge la plus représentée était celle de 30 à 39 ans (37,5%, p = 0,0001) avec un sex ratio de 0,01. Les cancers les plus retrouvés étaient le carcinome canalaire invasif (82,09%) suivi du carcinome papillaire invasif (10,45%). Le grade SBR III (47,89%) était le plus fréquent. L’envahissement ganglionnaire était observé chez 49,18% des patients avec une différence significative (p=0,02). Conclusion. Les cancers du sein triple négatifs touchent les femmes jeunes camerounaises et sont associés à des facteurs pronostiques péjoratifs.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. The molecular classification of breast cancer has four subtypes, including the "triple negative" subtype characterized by the absence of hormonal receptors and overexpression of HER-2/Neu. The aim of our study is to investigate the epidemiological, anatomopathological, and clinical profile of triple negative breast cancer in Cameroon. Methodology. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from February to August 2016, involving 217 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and additional immunohistochemical analysis in the oncology departments of general hospitals in Douala and Yaoundé. Results. We recorded 81 cases of triple negative breast cancer, with a prevalence of 37.33% in both cities and prevalences of 36.62% in Douala and 38.67% in Yaoundé. The most represented age group was 30-39 years (37.5%, p = 0.0001) with a sex ratio of 0.01. The most common cancers were invasive ductal carcinoma (82.09%) followed by invasive papillary carcinoma (10.45%). Grade III SBR (47.89%) was the most frequent. Lymph node involvement was observed in 49.18% of patients, with a significant difference (p=0.02). Conclusion. Triple negative breast cancers affect young Cameroonian women and are associated with poor prognostic factors.

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Dina Bell Esther, Tonouo Wouoko Pamela, Atenguena Okobalemba, Maison Mayeh Anne, Atangana Jean Paul, Ateba Gilbert, Ananga Noa Sidonie, Sango Anne, Esson Mapoko Berthe, Anaba Dominique, Mananga Jean Charles, Ntama Ambroise, Mouelle Michel, Mouelle Mbassi Wilfred, Ndangue Ntone Nancy, Mekah Mapenya, Eloundou Albertine, Fewou Amadou, Essomba Biwole M, Ndom Paul, Mouelle Sone A, & Jacqueline Ferrand. (2024). Epidemiological, Anatomopathological, and Clinical Aspects of Triple Negative Cancer in Cameroon. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i4.5538
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