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ABSTRACT
Introduction. HIV is a major global health issue for children. This study assessed viral suppression rates in HIV-infected children in Congo, focusing on the impact of gender, age, and ART duration. Methods. This retrospective study analyzed viral load samples from 75 children (ages 1-17) at Brazzaville University Hospital between January and June 2024. Data included HIV status, age, sex, ART start, and viral load. Viral suppression was defined as <1000 RNA copies/mL. Samples were processed with the Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load platform, and statistical analysis (Fisher's exact test, 5% cut-off) compared viral load by age, sex, and ART duration. Results. Among 75 children, 78.7% (59/75) achieved viral load suppression. Girls had a slightly higher suppression rate (78.8%) than boys (78.6%). Suppression was 100% in children aged 5-9 years, and 79% in those aged 1-4 and 10-14 years, with the lowest rate (72.4%) in those aged 15-17. Children on ART for >2 years had higher suppression rates (75%-100%) compared to those on ART for <2 years (64.7%). Fisher's exact test showed a significant difference between ART durations (p = 0.0071), but no significant differences by age group (p = 0.2332) or sex (p = 1). Conclusion. This study found that 78.7% of HIV-infected children in Congo achieved viral load suppression. Antiretroviral therapy duration was key for suppression, while gender and age had no significant impact.
 
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le VIH est un problème de santé majeur pour les enfants. Cette étude a évalué les taux de suppression virale chez les enfants infectés par le VIH au Congo, en se concentrant sur l'impact du sexe, de l'âge et de la durée de l'ART. Méthodes. Cette étude rétrospective a analysé les échantillons de charge virale de 75 enfants (âgés de 1 à 17 ans) à l'Hôpital universitaire de Brazzaville entre janvier et juin 2024. Les données comprenaient le statut VIH, l'âge, le sexe, le début de l'ART et la charge virale, la suppression étant définie par <1000 copies ARN/mL. Les échantillons ont été traités avec la plateforme Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load, et une analyse statistique (test exact de Fisher, seuil de 5%) a comparé la charge virale selon l'âge, le sexe et la durée de l'ART. Résultats. Parmi les 75 enfants, 78,7 % (59/75) ont obtenu une suppression de la charge virale. Les filles ont montré un taux de suppression légèrement plus élevé (78,8 %) que les garçons (78,6 %). La suppression était de 100 % chez les enfants de 5 à 9 ans, et de 79 % chez ceux de 1 à 4 ans et de 10 à 14 ans, avec le taux le plus bas (72,4 %) chez les enfants de 15 à 17 ans. Les enfants sous ART depuis plus de 2 ans ont montré des taux de suppression plus élevés (75 % à 100 %) par rapport à ceux sous ART depuis moins de 2 ans (64,7 %). Le test exact de Fisher a montré une différence significative selon la durée de l'ART (p = 0,0071), mais aucune différence significative selon le groupe d'âge (p = 0,2332) ou le sexe (p = 1). Conclusion. Cette étude a montré que 78,7 % des enfants infectés par le VIH au Congo ont atteint une suppression virale. La durée du traitement anti rétrovirale a été un facteur clé de suppression, tandis que le sexe et l'âge n'ont pas eu d'impact significatif.

Keywords

Viral load suppression, infected children, HIV, antiretroviral treatment Suppression de la charge virale, enfants infectés, VIH, traitement antirétroviral

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How to Cite
Ontsira Ngoyi EN, Moyen N, Mieret T, Aloumba A, & Ossibi Ibara BR. (2024). Assessment of Viral Load Suppression in HIV-Infected Children in Brazzaville (Congo): Évaluation de la Suppression de la Charge Virale chez les Enfants Infectés par le VIH à Brazzaville (Congo). HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v26i1.6284
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