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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
La trichotillomanie est un trouble psychiatrique entraînant l’arrachage compulsif des cheveux, souvent chez les jeunes femmes. Les antécédents familiaux, la pression sociale et les événements traumatiques liés à la maternité sont des facteurs déclencheurs. La stigmatisation culturelle de la perte de cheveux et la réticence à consulter compliquent le traitement Le cas de Mme B, 26 ans, d'origine Touareg, illustre ce trouble après une fausse couche et une grossesse extra-utérine dans un contexte de stress familial. Elle avait des symptômes d'insomnie et d'anorexie. Le diagnostic a été confirmé, et un traitement prescrit, mais elle n’a pas bénéficié d’un bon suivi.
ABSTRACT
Trichotillomania is a psychiatric disorder involving compulsive hair-pulling, often in young women. Family history, social pressure and traumatic events related to motherhood are triggering factors. The cultural stigma of hair loss and reluctance to seek help complicate treatment The case of Ms B, 26, of Touareg origin, illustrates this disorder after a miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy in a context of family stress. She had symptoms of insomnia and anorexia. The diagnosis was confirmed, and treatment prescribed, but she did not benefit from proper follow-up.
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References
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- 12. O'Sullivan R, Diedrichs PC, Lee C. Body image and mental health. Body Image. 2021 ;34 :142-149. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.002.
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- 14. Duke DC, Haverfield MC, Fling C, Wiggins A, Regan E, McCarthy J. Understanding the relationship between hair pulling and intimate partner violence: implications for treatment and prevention. J Interpers Violence. 2019 ;34(15):3221-3241. doi: 10.1177/0886260518780594.
- 15. Bohne A, Keuthen NJ, Hohfeld D, Hohfeld J, Hohfeld H, Sweeney M. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for trichotillomania: a systematic review. Behav Res Ther. 2014 ;57 :96-110. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.004.
- 16. Duke DC, Watson D, Keuthen NJ, D'Alonzo M, Kallestad H, Ricketts E. Trichotillomania as a chronic condition: a systematic review. Psychol Addict Behav. 2010 ;24(2):232-252. doi: 10.1037/a0015764.
- 17. Hollander E, Wang Y, Wong C, Zohar J, Avidan A, Moscona E. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in the treatment of trichotillomania. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2008 ;41(3):49-64.
- 18. Sullivan M. The cultural significance of hair in the Tuareg community. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14(1):1-8. doi: 10.1186/s13002-018-0259-0.
- 19. Bourdieu P. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge University Press; 2016.
- 20. Harrison K, Bartholomew A, Blake A, Moyer A, Hodge K, Phillips K. Cultural considerations in hair loss and its psychological impact. Psychol Health Med. 2020 ;25(7):801-811. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1746334.
- 21. Meyer B. Identity and the significance of hair in African cultures. African Stud Rev. 2019;62(2):1-20. doi: 10.1017/asr.2019.7.
- 22. Goleman D, Coyne J. Addressing co-occurring anxiety and mood disorders in behavioral treatments for trichotillomania. Depress Anxiety. 2019 ;36(6):586-592. doi: 10.1002/da.22893.
References
1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
2. Dufresne A, Herman C. Trichotillomanie et ses implications psychosociales. J Ment Health. 2020 ;29(3):289-295.
3. Kluger N, Cavelier-Balloy B, Assouly P. Les alopécies par traction. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2013 ;140 :304-314.
4. Fourie C, van der Merwe C, van der Merwe F, Randell K, Hart R, Kritzinger A. Trichotillomania and family history: the association of compulsive hair pulling with familial traits. J Affect Disord. 2017 ;207 :503-509. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.042.
5. Tavakolizadeh J, Chitsaz A, Gohari MR, Arjmand B, Gholami M, Farajzadeh A. Clinical characteristics and familial patterns of trichotillomania in an Iranian sample. J Psychosom Res. 2020 ;138 :110234. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110234.
6. Duke DC, Cohen LM, Ricketts EJ, Warfield C, Keuthen NJ, Kallestad H. Familiality of trichotillomania in adults: a controlled family study. Psychiatry Res. 2023 ;320 :115038. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115038.
7. Côté A, Gauthier M, Hugues M, Dufresne A, Hebert M. Psychological aspects of miscarriage: similarities and differences compared to other perinatal losses. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2019 ;40(3) :215-223. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2018.1454012.
8. Twohig MP, Hayes SC. Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for trichotillomania. J Rational-Emot Cogn-Behav Ther. 2008;26(1):63-78.
9. Garcia-Calvo M, Cebolla A, Pereira M, Campos D, Pérez A. A systematic review of the association between perinatal loss, motherhood, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2020;23(5):707-722. doi: 10.1007/s00737-020-01018-0.
10. Slade P. Psychosocial aspects of miscarriage. BJOG. 2018 ;125(1):3-6. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.14635.
11. Ngwa A, Nkongho E, Ngwa E, Mbinglo A, Ngwa DJ, Akam E. Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of mental health disorders in primary care settings in Cameroon. Health Sci Dis. 2020;21(2):1-8.
12. O'Sullivan R, Diedrichs PC, Lee C. Body image and mental health. Body Image. 2021 ;34 :142-149. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.002.
13. Krentz E, Sweeney M, Bergmann K, Cassin SE. The role of anxiety in trichotillomania: implications for treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2019 ;42(3):393-404. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2019.05.004.
14. Duke DC, Haverfield MC, Fling C, Wiggins A, Regan E, McCarthy J. Understanding the relationship between hair pulling and intimate partner violence: implications for treatment and prevention. J Interpers Violence. 2019 ;34(15):3221-3241. doi: 10.1177/0886260518780594.
15. Bohne A, Keuthen NJ, Hohfeld D, Hohfeld J, Hohfeld H, Sweeney M. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for trichotillomania: a systematic review. Behav Res Ther. 2014 ;57 :96-110. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.004.
16. Duke DC, Watson D, Keuthen NJ, D'Alonzo M, Kallestad H, Ricketts E. Trichotillomania as a chronic condition: a systematic review. Psychol Addict Behav. 2010 ;24(2):232-252. doi: 10.1037/a0015764.
17. Hollander E, Wang Y, Wong C, Zohar J, Avidan A, Moscona E. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in the treatment of trichotillomania. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2008 ;41(3):49-64.
18. Sullivan M. The cultural significance of hair in the Tuareg community. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14(1):1-8. doi: 10.1186/s13002-018-0259-0.
19. Bourdieu P. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge University Press; 2016.
20. Harrison K, Bartholomew A, Blake A, Moyer A, Hodge K, Phillips K. Cultural considerations in hair loss and its psychological impact. Psychol Health Med. 2020 ;25(7):801-811. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1746334.
21. Meyer B. Identity and the significance of hair in African cultures. African Stud Rev. 2019;62(2):1-20. doi: 10.1017/asr.2019.7.
22. Goleman D, Coyne J. Addressing co-occurring anxiety and mood disorders in behavioral treatments for trichotillomania. Depress Anxiety. 2019 ;36(6):586-592. doi: 10.1002/da.22893.