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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Au Gabon, aucun travail portant sur les éléments constitutifs du sang n’a été réalisé chez les sujets diabétiques de type 2 (DT2) à ce jour. Le but de ce travail était donc de déterminer les paramètres hématométriques chez les patients vivant avec le DT2 au Gabon. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective, transversale, à visée descriptive de Décembre 2023 à Mars 2024 en consultations externes du Service d’Endocrinologie du CHU de Libreville. Les patients diabétiques de type 2 âgés de plus de 18 ans, de tout genre, ont été inclus. Les données sociodémographiques, les paramètres et les anomalies de l’hémogramme ont été étudiés. Résultats. Nous avons enregistré 150 patients avec une moyenne d’âge de 52,1+/- 10,6 ans pour un sex ratio de 0,85. Les patients étaient hyperglycémiques dans 84,0% avec une glycémie moyenne de 12,9 ± 8,9 mmol/L . L’hémoglobine glyquée était supérieure à 7% dans 56% des cas. Les complications micro-angiopathiques les plus fréquentes étaient les troubles érectiles (20,7%). La complication macro-angiopathique la plus fréquente était : l’hypertension artérielle (72,7%). Les anomalies retrouvées étaient essentiellement leucopéniques (13,3%). Une neutropénie était présente chez 10,7% des patients. On notait une lymphopénie chez 9,3% des patients et une lymphocytose dans 5,3% des cas. L’anémie, était présente chez 58% de patients. L’étude des plaquettes a révélé 6,7% de thrombopénie et 1,3% de thrombocytose. Conclusion. Les cytopénies sont les anomalies hématologiques les plus retrouvées au cours du Diabète de type 2. Une analyse de ces anomalies ainsi que des complications dégénératives liées à cela de comprendre davantage leurs implications dans le phénomène d’athérosclérose.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Gabon, no work on blood constituents has been carried out in type 2 diabetic subjects (T2DM) to date. The aim of this study was therefore to determine haematometric parameters in patients with T2DM in Gabon. Methodology. This was a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from December 2023 to March 2024 in outpatient clinics at the Endocrinology Department of the Libreville University Hospital. Type 2 diabetic patients aged over 18 years, of all genders, were included. Sociodemographic data, parameters and haemogram abnormalities were studied. Results. We registered 150 patients with an average age of 52.1+/- 10.6 years and a sex ratio of 0.85. Patients were hyperglycaemic in 84.0% of cases, with a mean blood glucose level of 12.9 ± 8.9 mmol/L . Glycated haemoglobin was greater than 7% in 56% of cases. The most frequent micro-angiopathic complications were erectile dysfunction (20.7%). The most frequent macro-angiopathic complication was arterial hypertension (72.7%). The abnormalities found were mainly leukopenic (13.3%). Neutropenia was present in 10.7% of patients. Lymphopenia was noted in 9.3% of patients and lymphocytosis in 5.3%. Anaemia was present in 58% of patients. Platelet count revealed thrombocytosis in 6.7% and thrombocytosis in 1.3%. Conclusion. Cytopenias are the haematological abnormalities most frequently found in type 2 diabetes. An analysis of these abnormalities and the degenerative complications associated with them will provide a better understanding of their implications in atherosclerosis.

Keywords

Diabetes Type 2 Haemogram Libreville Diabète type 2 Hémogramme Libreville

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Mfoumou Essono AF, Ayingone H, Ziza N, Tsoucka E, Gorra A, Igala M, & Boguikouma JB. (2024). Haematometric Profile of Type 2 Diabetics in Libreville: Profil Hématométrique des Diabétiques de Type 2 à Libreville. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(10). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i10.6112
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