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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Les auteurs rapportent deux cas d’hématomes épiduraux (HED) spontanés découverts dans le bilan IRM de deux enfants âgés de 10 et 16 ans. Ces derniers présentaient, respectivement depuis sept et trois jours, des tableaux cliniques associant céphalées brutales, signes de focalisation neurologique et coma pour le plus jeune. Si l’évolution a été défavorable pour le premier du fait de la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique tardive, elle a été bonne pour le second. Les auteurs évoquent les mécanismes de survenue de ces HED spontanés chez le drépanocytaire homozygote. Ils insistent sur l’importance de la neuroimagerie, devant une céphalée brutale chez un drépanocytaire homozygote, rappellent l’urgence neurochirurgicale que constitue l’HED, qu’il soit post traumatique ou spontané.
ABSTRACT
The authors report two cases of spontaneous epidural hematoma discovered in the MRI assessment of two children aged 10 and 16 years. Both patients presented a seven and three days clinical picture respectively associating sudden cephalgia, signs of neurological focus and coma for the youngest. The evolution was unfavorable for the first child because of the late diagnosis and therapeutic management, but it was good for the second child. The authors discuss the mechanisms of onset of spontaneous epidural hematoma in homozygous sickle cell disease. They stress the importance of neuroimaging, in case of a sudden onset of headache in a homozygous sickle cell, and the neurosurgical urgency of epidural hematoma.
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References
- Gaye M, Diatta B, Ndoye N, et al. Prise en charge de l’hématome extradural à Dakar. A propos de 40 cas. AJNS 2010 ; 29 : 47-56.
- Eyenga V, Eloundou Ngah, Ngowe M, Ze Minkande J, Tchokoteu PF, Sossou M. Lettre à l’éditeur. Une complication neurochirurgicale rare de la drépanocytose : l’hématome extra dural spontané. Médecine d’Afrique noire 2001 ; 48 : 378-380.
- Page C, Gardner K, Height S, Rees D C, Hampton T, Thein S L. Nontraumatic extradural hematoma in sickle cell anemia: A rare neurological complication not to be missed. American Journal of hematology 2014; 89 :225-227.
- Mishra SS, Senapati SB, Gouda AK, Behera SK, Patnaik A. Spontaneous extradural and subgaleal hematoma :a rare neurosurgical crisis of sickle cell disease. Asian journal of neurosurgery 2017; 12:47
- Sangle S A, Lohiya RV, Karne SS, Chugh A. Spontaneous epidural hematoma: A rare complication of sickle cell anemia. Neurology India 2011; 59: 301.
- Meera Yogarajah M, Chidozie Charles Agu C C, Bhradeev Sivasambu B, Mittler M A. HbSC Disease and Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma with Kernohan’s Notch Phenomena. Case report in Hematology 2015; 2015.
- Arends S1, Coebergh JA, Kerkhoffs JL, van Gils A, Koppen H. Severe unilateral headache caused by skull bone infarction with epidural haematoma in a patient with sickle cell disease. Cephalalgia 2011; 31:1325-8.
- Dahdaleh NS, Lindley TE, Kirby PA, Oya H, Howard MA. A neurosurgical crisis of sickle cell disease. J Paediat Neurosurgery 2009; 4:532-5.
References
Gaye M, Diatta B, Ndoye N, et al. Prise en charge de l’hématome extradural à Dakar. A propos de 40 cas. AJNS 2010 ; 29 : 47-56.
Eyenga V, Eloundou Ngah, Ngowe M, Ze Minkande J, Tchokoteu PF, Sossou M. Lettre à l’éditeur. Une complication neurochirurgicale rare de la drépanocytose : l’hématome extra dural spontané. Médecine d’Afrique noire 2001 ; 48 : 378-380.
Page C, Gardner K, Height S, Rees D C, Hampton T, Thein S L. Nontraumatic extradural hematoma in sickle cell anemia: A rare neurological complication not to be missed. American Journal of hematology 2014; 89 :225-227.
Mishra SS, Senapati SB, Gouda AK, Behera SK, Patnaik A. Spontaneous extradural and subgaleal hematoma :a rare neurosurgical crisis of sickle cell disease. Asian journal of neurosurgery 2017; 12:47
Sangle S A, Lohiya RV, Karne SS, Chugh A. Spontaneous epidural hematoma: A rare complication of sickle cell anemia. Neurology India 2011; 59: 301.
Meera Yogarajah M, Chidozie Charles Agu C C, Bhradeev Sivasambu B, Mittler M A. HbSC Disease and Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma with Kernohan’s Notch Phenomena. Case report in Hematology 2015; 2015.
Arends S1, Coebergh JA, Kerkhoffs JL, van Gils A, Koppen H. Severe unilateral headache caused by skull bone infarction with epidural haematoma in a patient with sickle cell disease. Cephalalgia 2011; 31:1325-8.
Dahdaleh NS, Lindley TE, Kirby PA, Oya H, Howard MA. A neurosurgical crisis of sickle cell disease. J Paediat Neurosurgery 2009; 4:532-5.