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ABSTRACT
Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem worldwide. Our purpose was to determine the incidence and predictors of lost to follow up (LTFU) in TB patients. Methods. A retrospective study of adults treated for TB from 2010 to 2015 was carried out in all Diagnosis and Treatment Centres in West and North regions of Cameroon. Data was obtained from registers. Logistic regression was used to determine independent factors associated to LTFU. Results. Of the 19277 patients included, 12293 (63.8%) subjects were male and the median age (25th-75th percentile) was 34 (26-45) years. The incidence (95% CI) of LTFU was 2.9% (2.7-3.1%). The independent associated factors [Odds Ratio (95% CI)] with LTFU among patients treated for TB were: age ≤34 years [1.569(1.243-1.980), p<0.001], male gender [2.003(1.532-2.618), p<0.001], weight <50th percentile [1.609(1.273-2.035), p<0.001], smear positive pulmonary TB (SPPTB) [2.179(1.252-3.792), p=0.006], patients previously treated [2.958(1.981-4.417), p<0.001] and unknown HIV status [2.847(2.102-3.856), p<0.001]. Conclusion. The incidence of LTFU among adults treated for TB is relatively low in West and North regions of Cameroon. Age ≤ 34 years, male sex, low weight, SPPTB, retreatment and unknown HIV status are its independent associated factors. TB patients on treatment presenting these factors should be closely monitored.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La tuberculose (TB) reste un réel problème de santé publique mondial. Le but de notre étude était de déterminer l’incidence et les facteurs prédictifs des perdus de vue (PDV) au cours du traitement de la tuberculose. Méthodes : Une étude rétrospective incluant les adultes traités pour TB de 2010 à 2015 a été réalisée dans les Centres de Diagnostic et de Traitement de la TB dans les régions de l’Ouest et du Nord au Cameroun. Les données étaient extraites des registres. La régression logistique a été utilisée pour déterminer les facteurs indépendants associés aux PDV. Résultats. Des 19277 patients inclus, 12293 (63,8%) sujets était de sexe masculin et leur âge médian (25e-75e percentile) était de 34(26-45) ans. L’incidence (IC à 95%) de PDV était de 2,9% (2,7-3,1%). Les facteurs indépendant associés [Odds Ratio (IC à 95%)] de PDV au cours du traitement de la TB étaient : l’âge ≤34 ans [1,569(1,243-1,980), p<0,001], le sexe masculin [2,003(1,532-2,618), p<0,001], le poids < médiane [1,609(1,273-2.,035), p<0,001], la TB pulmonaire à microscopie positive (TPM+) [2,179(1,252-3,792), p=0,006], les patients retraités [2,958(1,981-4,417), p<0,001] et le statut VIH inconnu [2,847(2,102-3,856), p<0,001]. Conclusion : L’incidence de PDV au cours du traitement de la TB reste relativement faible dans les régions de l’Ouest et du Nord. Les facteurs prédictifs de PDV sont : âge ≤ 34 ans, sexe masculin, poids, TPM+, retraitement et statut VIH inconnu. Les patients présentant ces facteurs de risque, devraient être étroitement suivi au cours du traitement de la TB.

Keywords

Lost to follow up Tuberculosis Predictors Subsaharan Africa Pertes de vue Tuberculose Facteurs associés Afrique Subsaharienne

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Balkissou Adamou , D., Poka-Mayap , V., Kuaban, A., Mangoh Taguedjio , L. ., Touoyem Lonla , J. ., Djao Kora , A. ., Mohammadou Mubarak , D. ., Donkou Raouph , F., Pefura-Yone , E. W., & Kuaban, . C. . (2021). Incidence and Factors Associated with Default Among Adults Treated for Tuberculosis in Two Regions of Cameroon. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(10). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i10.3027
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