Main Article Content
Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Les céphalées de tension sont le type de maux de tête le plus courant. L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier les facteurs prédictifs de survenue des céphalées de tension en milieu professionnel à Brazzaville. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale analytique de type cas-témoins menée dans les entreprises publiques et privées de la ville de Brazzaville sur une période de 04 mois allant du 1er septembre au 30 décembre 2020. La population des cas était constituée des salariés céphalalgiques ; celle des témoins était issue des mêmes entreprises et exempts de céphalées d’allure tensive. Résultats. Nous avons enregistré 261 témoins et 110 cas. La prévalence de la céphalée de tension était de 20,5%. Parmi les céphalées primaires, la céphalée de tension avait une fréquence de 69,1%. L’âge moyen des cas était de 35 ± 6,39 ans et celui des témoins, 35 ± 7,37 ans. Les cas exerçaient au secteur public (44,7%) et en privé (55,3%). Les célibataires représentaient la majorité des sujets présentant une céphalée de tension (52,63%). Un antécédent de céphalées dans la famille a été rapporté chez 27,6 % de cas. Le stress au travail a été retrouvé chez 46,05% des cas contre 14,94% de témoins. Le bien-être au travail était retrouvé chez 63,16% des cas contre 87,36% de témoins. Ces éléments cliniques et psychosociaux étaient associés à la survenue des céphalées de tension avec des p values respectives de 0,024 ; 0,016 ; 0,001. Conclusion. La céphalée de tension est un véritable problème de santé publique en milieu professionnel à Brazzaville. Les facteurs associés à sa survenue sont le stress au travail et l’existence d’un antécédent familial de céphalée qui relèverait d’un caractère génétique.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Tension headaches are the most common type of headache. The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for the occurrence of tension headaches in the workplace in Brazzaville. Methodology. This was an analytical cross-sectional case-control study conducted in public and private companies in the city of Brazzaville over a period of 4 months from September 1st to December 30th, 2020. The case population consisted of employees with tension headaches; the control population was made up of employees from the same companies who did not have tension-type headaches. Results. We recorded 261 controls and 110 cases. The prevalence of tension headaches was 20.5%. Among primary headaches, tension headaches had a frequency of 69.1%. The average age of the cases was 35 ± 6.39 years and that of the controls was 35 ± 7.37 years. Cases worked in the public sector (44.7%) and in the private sector (55.3%). Singles accounted for the majority of subjects with tension headaches (52.63%). A family history of headaches was reported in 27.6% of cases. Work-related stress was found in 46.05% of cases compared to 14.94% of controls. Job satisfaction was found in 63.16% of cases compared to 87.36% of controls. These clinical and psychosocial factors were associated with the occurrence of tension headaches with respective p values of 0.024, 0.016, 0.001. Conclusion. Tension headache is a significant public health problem in the workplace in Brazzaville. Factors associated with its occurrence are work-related stress and a family history of headaches suggesting a genetic component.
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References
- Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia 2018 ; 38(1) : 1-211
- Schwartz BS, Stewart WF, Simon D, Lipton RB. Epidemiology of tension-type headache. JAMA 1998 ; 279 : 381–3.
- Lanteri-Minet M. Epidémiologie et impact des céphalées. In : Géraud G, Fabre N, Lantéri-Minet M, Valade D. Les céphalées en 30 leçons 2e édition. Elsevier Masson ; 2015 : 19p
- Fumal A, Schoenen J. Tension-type headache: current research and clinical management. Lancet Neurol 2008 ; 7 : 70–83
- Cathcart S, Winefield AH, Lushington K, Rolan P. Stress and tension-type headache mechanisms. Cephalalgia 2010 ; 30(10) : 1250–67.
- Battistutta S, Aliverti R, Montico M, Zin R, Carrozzi M. Chronic tension-type headache in adolescents. Clinical and psychological characteristics analyzed through self- and parent-report questionnaires. J Pediatr Psychol 2009 ; 34(7) : 697–706.
- Stovner L, Hagen K, Jensen R, et al. The global burden of head-ache : a documentation of headache prevalence and disability world-wide. Cephalalgia 2007 ; 27(3) :193–210.
- Lantéri-Minet M. Céphalées de tension. In : Géraud G, Fabre N, Lantéri-Minet M, Valade D. Les céphalées en 30 leçons 2e édition. Elsevier Masson ; 2015 : 165-168p
- Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C. Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents : a systematic review of populationbased studies. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 ; 52 :1088‑97]
- Stovner LJ, Al Jumah M, Birbeck GL, Gururaj G, Jensen R, Katsarava Z, et al. La méthodologie des enquêtes démographiques sur la prévalence et le fardeau des maux de tête et coût : principes et recommandations de la campagne mondiale contre les maux de tête. J Maux de tête Douleur. 2014 ;15 :5.
- Woldeamanuel YW, Cowan RP. Migraine affects 1 in 10 people worldwide featuring recent rise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of communitybased studies involving 6 million participants. J Neurol Sci. 2017 ;372 :307‑15.
- Ministère des finances et du budget, 2018. Répertoire générale des entreprises du Congo. https://economie.gouv.cg/sites/default/files/Decumentation/Repertoiregeneral_des_entreprises_du_Congo_pdf
- Anayo NK, Guinhouya KM, Agba L, Noubadjou R, Belo M, Balogou AK. Les céphalées dans une population de travailleurs à Lomé-Togo. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé 2018 ; 20(3) : 507-5013
- Ministère des finances et du budget, 2018. Cartographie des entreprises publiques. https://economie.gouv.cg/fr/cartographie-des-entreprises-publiques
- Lebedeva ER, Kobzeva NR, Gilev D, Olesen J. Prevalence of primary headache disorders diagnosed according to ICHD-3 beta in three different social groups. Cephalalgia 2016 ; 36(6) : 579–588.
- Mbewe E, Zairemthiama P, Yeh H-H, Paul R, Birbeck GL, Steiner TJ. The epidemiology of primary headache disorders in Zambia: a population-based door-todoor survey. Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 30.
- Zebenigus M, Tekle-Haimanot R, Worku DK, Thomas H, Steiner TJ. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Ethiopia. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2016 ; 17 :110.
- Ferrante T, Manzoni GC, Russo M, Taga A, Camarda C, Veronesi L, Pasquarella C, Sansebastiano G, Torelli P. The PACE study: past-year prevalence of tension-type headache and its subtypes in Parma’s adult general population. Neurol Sci 2015 ; 36 : 35–42.
- GBD Headache Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurology 2018 ; 17 : 954-76.
- Rastenytė D, Mickevičienė1 D, Stovner LJ, Thomas H, Andrée C, Steiner TJ. Prevalence and burden of headache disorders in Lithuania and their public-health and policy implications : a population-based study within the Eurolight Project. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2017 ; 18 : 53.
- Ayzenberg I, Katsarava Z, Sborowski A, Chernysh M, Osipova V, Tabeeva G, Yakhno N, Steiner TJ, On behalf of Lifting the Burden. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Russia: A countrywide survey. Cephalalgia 2012 ; 32(5) : 373– 381.
- Allena M, Steiner T.J, Sances G, Carugno B, Balsamo F, Nappi G, Andrée C, Tassorelli C. Impact of headache disorders in Italy and the public-health and policy implications : a population-based study within the Eurolight Project. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 100.
- Toom K, Raidvee A, Allas KH, Floria E, Juhkami K, Klimusev G et al. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in the adult population of Estonia. Cephalalgia 2019 ; 0(0) : 1–9.
- Yu S, Liu R, Zhao G, Yang X, Qiao X, Feng J et al. The prevalence and burden of primary headaches in China : a population-based door-to-door survey. Headache 2012 ; 52(4) : 582–591.
- Manandhar K, Risal A, Steiner TJ, Holen A, Linde M. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Nepal: a nationwide population-based study. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 95.
- Kulkarni GB, Rao GN, Gururaj G, Stovner LJ, Steiner TJ. Headache disorders and public ill-health in India: prevalence estimates in Karnataka State. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 67.
- Luvsannorov O, Tsenddorj B, Baldorj D, Enkhtuya S, Purev D, Thomas H, Steiner TJ. Primary headache disorders among the adult population of Mongolia: prevalences and associations from a population-based survey. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2019 ; 20 : 114.
- www.cpj.gouv.qc.ca/fr/pdf/stress.pdf
- Almeida DM. Resilience and vunerability to daily stress assessed via diary methods. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2005 ; 14(2) : 64-68.
- Maestripieri D, Baran NM, Sapienza P, Zingales L. Between-and within-sex variation in hormonal responses to psychological stress in a large sample of college students. Stress 2010 ; 13 (5) : 413-424.
- Köseoglu E, Naçar M, Talaslioglu A, Cetinkaya F. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of migraine and tension type headache in 1146 females in Kayseri Turkey. Cephalalgia 2003 ; 23 : 381-388
- Lavados PM, Tenhamm E. Epidemiology of tension type headache in Santiago, Chile : A prevalence study. Cephalalgia 1998 ; 18 : 552-558
- Fumal A, Schoenen J. Tension-type headache: current research and clinical management. Lancet Neurol 2008 ; 7 : 70–83
- Russel MB, Saltyte-Benth J, Levi N. Are infrequent episodic, frequent episodic and chronic tension-type headache inherited? A populationbased study of 11199 twin pairs. J Headache Pain 2006 ; 7 : 119–26
- Cathcart S, Petkov J, Winefield AH, Lushington K, Rolan P. Central mechanisms of stress-induced headache. Cephalalgia 2010 ; 30(3) : 285–295
- Blackburn-Munro G. Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction as a contributory factor to chronic pain and depression. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2004 ; 8(2) : 116–124
References
Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia 2018 ; 38(1) : 1-211
Schwartz BS, Stewart WF, Simon D, Lipton RB. Epidemiology of tension-type headache. JAMA 1998 ; 279 : 381–3.
Lanteri-Minet M. Epidémiologie et impact des céphalées. In : Géraud G, Fabre N, Lantéri-Minet M, Valade D. Les céphalées en 30 leçons 2e édition. Elsevier Masson ; 2015 : 19p
Fumal A, Schoenen J. Tension-type headache: current research and clinical management. Lancet Neurol 2008 ; 7 : 70–83
Cathcart S, Winefield AH, Lushington K, Rolan P. Stress and tension-type headache mechanisms. Cephalalgia 2010 ; 30(10) : 1250–67.
Battistutta S, Aliverti R, Montico M, Zin R, Carrozzi M. Chronic tension-type headache in adolescents. Clinical and psychological characteristics analyzed through self- and parent-report questionnaires. J Pediatr Psychol 2009 ; 34(7) : 697–706.
Stovner L, Hagen K, Jensen R, et al. The global burden of head-ache : a documentation of headache prevalence and disability world-wide. Cephalalgia 2007 ; 27(3) :193–210.
Lantéri-Minet M. Céphalées de tension. In : Géraud G, Fabre N, Lantéri-Minet M, Valade D. Les céphalées en 30 leçons 2e édition. Elsevier Masson ; 2015 : 165-168p
Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C. Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents : a systematic review of populationbased studies. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 ; 52 :1088‑97]
Stovner LJ, Al Jumah M, Birbeck GL, Gururaj G, Jensen R, Katsarava Z, et al. La méthodologie des enquêtes démographiques sur la prévalence et le fardeau des maux de tête et coût : principes et recommandations de la campagne mondiale contre les maux de tête. J Maux de tête Douleur. 2014 ;15 :5.
Woldeamanuel YW, Cowan RP. Migraine affects 1 in 10 people worldwide featuring recent rise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of communitybased studies involving 6 million participants. J Neurol Sci. 2017 ;372 :307‑15.
Ministère des finances et du budget, 2018. Répertoire générale des entreprises du Congo. https://economie.gouv.cg/sites/default/files/Decumentation/Repertoiregeneral_des_entreprises_du_Congo_pdf
Anayo NK, Guinhouya KM, Agba L, Noubadjou R, Belo M, Balogou AK. Les céphalées dans une population de travailleurs à Lomé-Togo. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé 2018 ; 20(3) : 507-5013
Ministère des finances et du budget, 2018. Cartographie des entreprises publiques. https://economie.gouv.cg/fr/cartographie-des-entreprises-publiques
Lebedeva ER, Kobzeva NR, Gilev D, Olesen J. Prevalence of primary headache disorders diagnosed according to ICHD-3 beta in three different social groups. Cephalalgia 2016 ; 36(6) : 579–588.
Mbewe E, Zairemthiama P, Yeh H-H, Paul R, Birbeck GL, Steiner TJ. The epidemiology of primary headache disorders in Zambia: a population-based door-todoor survey. Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 30.
Zebenigus M, Tekle-Haimanot R, Worku DK, Thomas H, Steiner TJ. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Ethiopia. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2016 ; 17 :110.
Ferrante T, Manzoni GC, Russo M, Taga A, Camarda C, Veronesi L, Pasquarella C, Sansebastiano G, Torelli P. The PACE study: past-year prevalence of tension-type headache and its subtypes in Parma’s adult general population. Neurol Sci 2015 ; 36 : 35–42.
GBD Headache Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurology 2018 ; 17 : 954-76.
Rastenytė D, Mickevičienė1 D, Stovner LJ, Thomas H, Andrée C, Steiner TJ. Prevalence and burden of headache disorders in Lithuania and their public-health and policy implications : a population-based study within the Eurolight Project. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2017 ; 18 : 53.
Ayzenberg I, Katsarava Z, Sborowski A, Chernysh M, Osipova V, Tabeeva G, Yakhno N, Steiner TJ, On behalf of Lifting the Burden. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Russia: A countrywide survey. Cephalalgia 2012 ; 32(5) : 373– 381.
Allena M, Steiner T.J, Sances G, Carugno B, Balsamo F, Nappi G, Andrée C, Tassorelli C. Impact of headache disorders in Italy and the public-health and policy implications : a population-based study within the Eurolight Project. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 100.
Toom K, Raidvee A, Allas KH, Floria E, Juhkami K, Klimusev G et al. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in the adult population of Estonia. Cephalalgia 2019 ; 0(0) : 1–9.
Yu S, Liu R, Zhao G, Yang X, Qiao X, Feng J et al. The prevalence and burden of primary headaches in China : a population-based door-to-door survey. Headache 2012 ; 52(4) : 582–591.
Manandhar K, Risal A, Steiner TJ, Holen A, Linde M. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Nepal: a nationwide population-based study. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 95.
Kulkarni GB, Rao GN, Gururaj G, Stovner LJ, Steiner TJ. Headache disorders and public ill-health in India: prevalence estimates in Karnataka State. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2015 ; 16 : 67.
Luvsannorov O, Tsenddorj B, Baldorj D, Enkhtuya S, Purev D, Thomas H, Steiner TJ. Primary headache disorders among the adult population of Mongolia: prevalences and associations from a population-based survey. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2019 ; 20 : 114.
www.cpj.gouv.qc.ca/fr/pdf/stress.pdf
Almeida DM. Resilience and vunerability to daily stress assessed via diary methods. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2005 ; 14(2) : 64-68.
Maestripieri D, Baran NM, Sapienza P, Zingales L. Between-and within-sex variation in hormonal responses to psychological stress in a large sample of college students. Stress 2010 ; 13 (5) : 413-424.
Köseoglu E, Naçar M, Talaslioglu A, Cetinkaya F. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of migraine and tension type headache in 1146 females in Kayseri Turkey. Cephalalgia 2003 ; 23 : 381-388
Lavados PM, Tenhamm E. Epidemiology of tension type headache in Santiago, Chile : A prevalence study. Cephalalgia 1998 ; 18 : 552-558
Fumal A, Schoenen J. Tension-type headache: current research and clinical management. Lancet Neurol 2008 ; 7 : 70–83
Russel MB, Saltyte-Benth J, Levi N. Are infrequent episodic, frequent episodic and chronic tension-type headache inherited? A populationbased study of 11199 twin pairs. J Headache Pain 2006 ; 7 : 119–26
Cathcart S, Petkov J, Winefield AH, Lushington K, Rolan P. Central mechanisms of stress-induced headache. Cephalalgia 2010 ; 30(3) : 285–295
Blackburn-Munro G. Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction as a contributory factor to chronic pain and depression. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2004 ; 8(2) : 116–124