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ABSTRACT
Adult hydrocephalus is considered a rare disease in the elderly. Its pathophysiology remains unclear to this day despite the incrimination of several risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, heart rhythm disorders). Axial computed tomography and magnetic resonance are the diagnostic instruments par excellence. Its seemingly simple surgical treatment is based on ventricular bypass. This treatment is often complicated by serious postoperative infections. Hence the need to treat this pathology only in hospitals with a good technical platform. The aim of our work was to prove that the management of hydrocephalus can also be carried out without risk in hospital structures such as the Henry Dunant Hospital of the Cameroon Red Cross in Yaoundé, which implements the infection prevention and control program. We reported 2 cases: a 62-year-old woman and a 72-year-old man who presented similar symptoms, characterized by a gait disorder, cognitive disorders associated with headaches and amnesia. The ECG showed a regular atrial and left ventricular hypertrophy, secondary repolarization disorders. These two patients therefore benefited from a surgical treatment which consists in setting up an internal ventriculoperitoneal bypass valve. The postoperative course was marked by a clear improvement in general condition. No infectious signs or symptoms were observed during this period.
RÉSUMÉ
L'hydrocéphalie de l'adulte est considérée comme une maladie rare chez les personnes âgées. Sa physiopathologie reste à ce jour peu claire malgré l'incrimination de plusieurs facteurs de risque (hypertension artérielle, diabète, troubles du rythme cardiaque). La tomodensitométrie axiale et la résonance magnétique sont les instruments diagnostiques par excellence. Son traitement chirurgical, apparemment simple, repose sur la dérivation ventriculaire. Ce traitement est souvent compliqué par des infections postopératoires graves. D'où la nécessité de ne traiter cette pathologie que dans les hôpitaux disposant d'un bon plateau technique. Le but de notre travail était de prouver que la prise en charge de l'hydrocéphalie peut aussi se faire sans risque dans des structures hospitalières comme l'hôpital Henry Dunant de la Croix Rouge Camerounaise à Yaoundé, qui met en œuvre le programme de prévention et de contrôle des infections. Nous avons rapporté 2 cas : une femme de 62 ans et un homme de 72 ans qui ont présenté des symptômes similaires, caractérisés par un trouble de la marche, des troubles cognitifs associés à des céphalées et une amnésie. L'ECG a montré une hypertrophie auriculaire régulière et ventriculaire gauche, des troubles secondaires de la repolarisation. Ces deux patients ont donc bénéficié d'un traitement chirurgical qui consiste en la mise en place d'une valve de dérivation ventriculo-péritonéale interne. Les suites opératoires ont été marquées par une nette amélioration de l'état général. Aucun signe ou symptôme infectieux n'a été observé durant cette période.

Keywords

Management Hydrocephalus Henry Dunant Hospital Yaoundé Prise en charge Hydrocéphalie Hôpital Henry Dunant Yaoundé

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Onambany B, Fankem C, Mvogo Minkala, Nga Nomo S, Djentcheu, Binyom P, & Ngowé Ngowé M. (2024). Management of Hydrocephaly at the Cameroonian Red Cross Hospital of Yaounde: A Report of Two Cases: Prise en Charge de l’Hydrocéphalie à l’Hôpital Henry Dunant de la Croix Rouge Camerounaise : À Propos de Deux Cas. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(9). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i9.6029
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