Epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in Brazzaville from 2015 to 2021
Épidémiologie de l’Infection À Trichomonas vaginalis à Brazzaville de 2015 à 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/hra.v3i4.6579Keywords:
: epidemiology, Trichomonas vaginalis, sexually transmitted infection, BrazzavilleAbstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L’infection à Trichomonas vaginalis est une infection sexuellement transmissible due à la présence dans l’organisme de T. vaginalis, protozoaire flagellé, qui atteint des millions de personnes dans le monde. L’objectif était de décrire l’épidémiologie de l’infection à Trichomonas vaginalis au laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville. Méthodologie. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale descriptive rétrospective qui s’est déroulée du 1er juin au 31 décembre 2022 dans le service de Parasitologie-Mycologie du CHUB. Elle a concerné tous les dossiers des patientes contenus dans les registres des prélèvements vaginaux de 2016-2020. Ont été inclus tous les dossiers des patientes chez lesquelles T. vaginalis a été mis en évidence.. Résultats. La fréquence de l’infection à T. vaginalis a été de 1,8% (45/2460). L’infection à Trichomonas vaginalis a été plus représentée en 2019 avec une fréquence de 6,1% (10/164). La tranche d’âge la plus représentée était celle de [26-35 ans] soit 37,0%. Les leucorrhées des patientes atteintes d’infection à Trichomonas vaginalis étaient abondantes dans 42,2% (19/45). La quantité de leucocytes présente dans les prélèvements vaginaux était de quelques leucocytes dans 55,6% (25/45). L’infection à T. vaginalis a été associée à d’autres micro-organismes dans 28,9% des cas. Conclusion. La fréquence de l’infection à T. vaginalis est faible dans notre environnement. Cette infection est plus retrouvée chez les femmes en activité génitale. Elle s’accompagne d’une abondance de leucorrhées. Les facteurs associés ont été la tranche d’âge, la présence de leucorrhées et la présence de leucocytes dans les prélèvements vaginaux. L’étude de la question dans la communauté aiderait à mieux en cerner l’ampleur.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Trichomonas vaginalis infection is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the presence in the body of T. vaginalis, a flagellate protozoan, which affects millions of people worldwide. The objective was to describe the epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the University Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville. Methodology. This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study that took place from June 1st to December 31 2022 in the Parasitology-Mycology department of the CHUB. It concerned all the patient files contained in the registers of vaginal samples from 2016-2020. Were included all records of patients in whom T. vaginalis was highlighted. Results. The frequency of T. vaginalis infection was 1.8% (45/2460). Trichomonas vaginalis infection was more represented in 2019 with a frequency of 6.1% (10/164). The most represented age group was [26-35 years]: 37.0%. Leukorrhea of patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection was abundant in 42.2% (19/45). The number of leukocytes present in vaginal swabs was a few leukocytes in 55.6% (25/45). T. vaginalis infection was associated with other microorganisms in 28.9% of cases. Conclusion. The frequency of T. vaginalis infection is low in our environment. This infection is more found in women in genital activity. It is accompanied by an abundance of leucorrhoea. The factors that are associated were the age group, the presence of leucorrhea and the presence of leukocytes in the vaginal samples. Studying the issue in the community woild help to better understand its scope.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Sékangué Obili G, Potokoué Mpia NSB, Adoua Doukaga T, Gackosso G, Djendja IR, Osséré RR, Ossibi Ibara BR
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